Vocabulary
What is a revolution?
A sudden and usually violent change to the way society functions.
What is the factory system?
When all of your products are mass-produced in one place and then shipped to other communities/areas.
What is a negative consequence of the industrial revolution?
Pollution, working conditions.
What percent of the population was the 3rd estate?
97%
Which of the three estates gained more rights?
The third estate.
What is quality of life?
The standard of health, comfort, and happiness experienced by an individual or group.
How was coal a cause of the industrial revolution?
Coal was abundant in England which made it easier to have enough to power all of the machines powered by steam.
What does urbanization mean?
An increase in population living in cities from people previously living in rural areas.
Which two estates did not have to pay taxes?
The first (clergy) and second (nobility) estates.
What was the reign of terror and who was killed?
What is the clergy?
People who work for the church.
How was agriculture a cause of the industrial revolution?
In the past, farmers only produced enough food for their families, but now they were producing a surplus of food, which meant that not as many people were needed to do agriculture and could focus on other areas, like technology.
Why did the population increase during the industrial revolution?
Because of more food being available and quality of life being better (fewer people dying)
Why was new philosophy (the enlightenment) a cause of the French revolution?
French society was based on the idea that the monarchy had a divine right to rule given to them by God. Philosophers began to reject this idea.
What is one positive consequence of the French revolution?
France began a democratic regime.
Nobility and noble privileges were abolished.
The Declaration of the Rights of the Man and of the Citizen
What is a social hierarchy?
A system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.
What was one of the two roles of the colonies in the industrial revolution?
1. Colonies produced raw material like wood and stone to fuel factories in England at a low cost.
2. Colonies were another market for products made in factories since they didn't have the infrastructure to produce such things.
What is one way that working conditions weren't good during the industrial revolution?
Child labour was very common, few if any laws about number of hours, employees often had to pay for equipment, no safety equipment, workplace illnesses
What is one way the American and French revolution connected? (Saying they’re both revolutions is not a correct answer!)
France had just finished helping the Americans with their revolution against the British; one of its main ideas was equality between all men which inspired the French revolution.
Helping the American revolution had also put France into debt which was another cause of their revolution.
What is a negative consequence of the French revolution?
20 000 people were guillotined, an unknown number were innocent.
The revolution lead to the French Revolutionary Wars, this resulted in between 400, 000 and a million people dying.