Relative Dating
What is the "fancy" word for layers?
strata
What is the rock that is formed from a parent rock undergoing intense heat and pressure?
Metamorphic rock
Where is most organic matter found in soil?
At the top
What term is used for the precise aging of rock?
Absolute age
What is the term for the preserved remains or evidence of ancient living things?
Fossils
What is the law that states that older rock is located at the bottom and younger rock is located at the top?
The Law of Superposition
What is the term for the formation of sedimentary rock?
Lithification
What is the term for the organic material found in soil?
Humus
What does the word "organism" mean?
living thing
What type of scientist studies fossils?
Paleontologist
Younger sedimentary rocks layers form ________ of older layers.
on top, above
How is an intrusive igneous rock formed?
The slow cooling of magma inside Earth.
What are the inorganic parts of soil?
sediments, gases (air), water
Fur, skin, and internal organs are examples of hard or soft parts of an organism?
Soft
What makes something an index fossil?
It is unique, widely distributed, and lived only for a short time.
What is younger: the sedimentary rock layers OR the igneous intrusion that passes through it?
igneous intrusion
What type of rock is formed by the cementation and compaction of broken down pieces of rock?
Sedimentary rock
What are the three types of soil from most permeable to least?
Sand, silt, clay
What is is called when an event leads to the death of more than 51% of species on Earth?
Mass extinction
Bones, teeth, and stems are examples of hard or soft parts of an organism?
Hard
Index fossils are always found in the youngest layers of rock.
false
Where does the rock cycle begin?
There is no beginning.
What is the relationship between porosity and permeability?
The more porous something is, the more permeable it is.
When does groundwater become surface water?
When precipitation causes the water table to rise to the surface.
In order for an organism to be fossilized, the organism must die then be _______, in order to protect it from decaying.
buried