Manifest Destiny & the Allure of the West
What is Manifest Destiny?
The belief that the United States had a “God-given” right to expand across the entire continent.
U.S. broke up communal tribal lands into individual plots for Native Americans to encourage Natives to assimilate into American society. They had to stay on the land for 25 years. They received 160 acres of land. What was this called?
Dawes Act
When Immigrants came over to America they took steamships over to the new land. If you had money, you could go in first or second class. Most however would travel in _________________ which was dark, overcrowded, and unsanitary.
Steerage
Union strikes were very common in the gilded age. Employers would fight back against strikes by hiring immigrants known as _______________ to keep the factories working until the workers gave up on their strike.
"Scabs"
Why were settlement houses made?
Provide help to immigrants who were struggling to adjust to life in America.
Provided jobs, education, English as a second language, and functioned as a community center.
Mormons
What animal was hunted and killed during westward expansion which was the central animal for the Natives?
The Buffalo
If you were immigrating from an Asian Country, you would go to the West Coast to be processed at _________________ _____________.
Angel Island.
In 1905, Upton Sinclair published the Jungle which showed the brutality of the ________________ business.
Meatpacking
Which Amendment gave women the right to vote?
The 19th Amendment
A law that provided opportunities for immigrants and poor Americans to settle on the Western frontier by providing land if people lived on it for 5 years and made improvements. What was this law called?
Homestead Act
What was the trail of tears?
Natives were removed from their home/land and forced to move west
This group of people had the preference for native-born people and the desire to limit immigration.
Nativists.
John D. Rockefeller controlled 90% of the nations oil-refining industry. One person (or a trust) controlling the supply of a commodity or service is called a __________________.
Monopoly.
This federal law prohibited monopolies and anti-competitive business practices that restrained trade.
The Sherman Antitrust act
Who were the Exodusters?
Black Americans leaving south for new opportunities in the Midwest (Kansas)
What group of people were recruited over to America to help build the Transcontinental Railroad.
The Chinese.
Why would immigrants support the Tammany Hall Political Machine?
Tammany Hall provided jobs and services to immigrants (at a price for their votes)
New Immigration (1880-1900) primary came from which part of Europe?
Southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Hungary, Poland, Greece, and Russia)
This law awarded government jobs on civil service exam scores rather than party patronage. It also limited the power of political machines.
Pendleton Act
What law was put in place that banned Chinese from immigrating to the US in 1882? (Must get the exact phrasing correct)
The Chinese Exclusion Act
What term best describes the process the Native Americans were forced to lose their culture and adapt American culture.
Assimilation.
What were the three main causes of the spike in the US population in cities from 1850-1920? (Must list all 3)
Industrialization, Urbanization, and Immigration.
Who was the "King of Steel"?
Andrew Carnegie
A period of widespread racial violence in the US in 1919, against Black Communities by white mobs. What was this period called?
The "Red Summer"