Foundations and Isms
This ancient trade route, established roughly 2000 years ago, is often cited as an early foundation of globalization
What is the Silk Road?
The term for a form of labour where people worked without salary in exchange for passage to another country.
What is Indentured Labour?
The name of the company granted a monopoly to rule India for Britain, using its own private army, before the British government took direct control.
What is the British East India Company?
The two main ethnic groups in Rwanda, who co-existed for centuries before colonial rule.
Who are the Hutus and Tutsis?
This rebel group, formed by Tutsi exiles, invaded Rwanda in 1990, sparking a civil war.
What is the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)?
This economic system required colonies to ship raw materials back to the home country to be made into manufactured goods.
What is Mercantilism?
This term describes the type of slavery where people and their descendants are considered the private property of an owner.
What is Chattel Slavery?
This 1774 act recognized French language and cultural rights in Quebec under British rule.
What is the Quebec Act?
The policy of 'apartness' or segregation and discrimination against non-whites in South Africa.
What is Apartheid?
He led India to independence in 1947 using methods of non-violent civil disobedience and non-cooperation.
Who was Mahatma Gandhi?
A form of ethnocentrism that uses European criteria to judge other peoples and their cultures.
What is Eurocentrism?
The exchange of new foods, animals, and ideas between the Old World and the New World, which changed diets forever.
What is the Grand Exchange?
The series of agreements signed between First Nations and the Canadian government between 1871 and 1921 that ceded land for settlement.
What are the Numbered Treaties?
The South African township where a 1976 student protest was met with deadly police force, killing hundreds and sparking international outrage.
What is Soweto?
The first Indigenous people of Newfoundland, who were wiped out as a culture by 1829 due to European conflict and disease.
Who are the Beothuk?
This philosopher's ideas about free trade without government control arose to replace mercantilism.
Who is Adam Smith?
This British act, passed in 1833, outlawed slavery throughout the British Empire.
What is the Slavery Abolition Act?
The 1876 federal law that aimed to assimilate First Nations people and controlled many aspects of their lives.
What is the Indian Act?
The name of the civilian death squads, meaning "those who fight together," who carried out much of the Rwandan genocide.
Who are the Interahamwe?
The leader of the African National Congress (ANC) who was imprisoned for 27 years before becoming South Africa's first black president.
Who is Nelson Mandela?
The 1884 conference where European nations met to divide up the African continent without any African representatives.
What is the Berlin Conference?
The term for the legacy where European imperialists drew political borders that failed to account for Indigenous peoples' cultures and relationships, leading to modern conflict.
What is Displacement? (Also accept: Artificial Borders)
The primary goal of the Residential School system, as stated by the Canadian government.
What is assimilate?
These community-based courts were established in Rwanda after the genocide to speed up justice and encourage reconciliation.
What are the Gacaca Courts?
The Canadian Prime Minister who formally apologized for the Residential School system on national television on June 11, 2008.
Who is Stephen Harper?