Types of Muscle Tissue
Which muscle tissue is found in the walls of organs like the stomach and intestines?
A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C. Smooth
D. Connective
C. Smooth
Which structure surrounds an individual muscle fiber?
A. Endomysium
B. Perimysium
C. Epimysium
D. Fascicle
A. Endomysium
Which protein forms the thick filaments in a sarcomere?
A. Actin
B. Myosin
C. Troponin
D. Tropomyosin
B. Myosin
Muscle fatigue is primarily caused by:
A. Too much oxygen in the muscle
B. Excessive calcium
C. Overhydration
D. Depletion of energy stores and accumulation of byproducts
D. Depletion of energy stores and accumulation of byproducts
Which statement best describes cardiac muscle?
A. It is voluntary and attaches to bones
B. It contracts slowly and does not fatigue
C. It lines blood vessels and airways
D. It is striated and contracts involuntarily
D. It is striated and contracts involuntarily
Skeletal muscle fibers appear striated because they contain:
A. Intercalated discs
B. Branched cells
C. Thick connective tissue layers
D. Sarcomeres arranged in repeating patterns
D. Sarcomeres arranged in repeating patterns
What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction?
A. It blocks myosin from binding to actin
B. It signals neurons to fire action potentials
C. It stores calcium in the sarcoplasmic reticulum
D. It provides energy for the muscle to contract
D. It provides energy for the muscle to contract
Which energy system primarily supplies ATP for long-duration, low-intensity exercise?
A. ATP-PC
B. Glycolytic system
C. Aerobic respiration
D. Anaerobic respiration
C. Aerobic respiration
A doctor observes rhythmic, automatic contractions in tissue taken from a patient’s heart. This sample must be:
A. Cardiac muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Skeletal muscle
D. Tendon tissue
A. Cardiac muscle
Which connective tissue surrounds a bundle of muscle fibers known as a fascicle?
A. Epimysium
B. Perimysium
C. Endomysium
D. Sarcolemma
B. Perimysium
During prolonged exercise, a muscle fiber uses more oxygen to produce ATP. Which structure is most directly responsible for this process?
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
D. T-tubules
B. Mitochondria
A sprinter feels heavy legs and slower contractions near the end of a race. Which type of fatigue is most likely occurring?
A. Mental fatigue
B. Central fatigue
C. Peripheral fatigue
D. Emotional fatigue
C. Peripheral fatigue
Which comparison of muscle types is accurate?
A. Smooth and skeletal muscles are both voluntary
B. Skeletal and cardiac muscles are both striated
C. Cardiac and smooth muscles both fatigue quickly
D. Skeletal and smooth muscles both contain intercalated discs
B. Skeletal and cardiac muscles are both striated
Which of the following best explains why actin and myosin overlap in the sarcomere?
A. To allow them to slide past each other during contraction
B. To store calcium for muscle signaling
C. To insulate muscle fibers from each other
D. To increase the surface area of the sarcolemma
A. To allow them to slide past each other during contraction
Two muscle fibers are compared: Fiber A has many mitochondria, and Fiber B has few. Which fiber is better suited for endurance activities?
A. Fiber A
B. Fiber B
C. Both are equal
D. Cannot determine
A. Fiber A
During a long-distance run, an athlete notices their muscles feel tired but continue to contract slowly and steadily. Which explanation best relates this to Type I fibers?
A. Type I fibers resist fatigue, but prolonged use depletes sugar stores and slows contraction
B. Type II fibers fatigue quickly, forcing Type I fibers to take over, causing lactic acid buildup
C. Type I fibers rely on anaerobic ATP production, which causes rapid peripheral fatigue
D. Type II fibers produce too much force, reducing Type I fiber efficiency
A. Type I fibers resist fatigue, but prolonged use depletes sugar stores and slows contraction
A surgeon must choose tissue to repair a damaged blood vessel. Which muscle type is the most appropriate and why?
A. Skeletal muscle, because it provides voluntary control
B. Cardiac muscle, because it is durable
C. Smooth muscle, because it contracts slowly and resists fatigue
D. None; muscle tissue cannot be used in vessel repair
C. Smooth muscle, because it contracts slowly and resists fatigue
If the epimysium were removed from a skeletal muscle, what would most likely occur during contraction?
A. Calcium release from sarcomeres would increase
B. Actin and myosin filaments could no longer slide past each other
C. Fascicles would be less able to work together, reducing overall muscle force
D. Perimysium would immediately thicken to compensate
C. Fascicles would be less able to work together, reducing overall muscle force
An athlete takes a supplement that depletes ATP in muscles faster than normal. Which outcome is most likely?
A. Faster onset of muscle fatigue
B. Increased endurance during exercise
C. Improved coordination and contraction strength
D. Reduced need for calcium in contraction
A. Faster onset of muscle fatigue
A coach wants to minimize muscle fatigue in athletes during training. Which strategy would likely be most effective?
A. Incorporate interval training, proper nutrition, hydration, and rest
B. Only train once a month at maximum effort
C. Encourage athletes to ignore fatigue signals
D. Focus only on mental motivation without physical conditioning
A. Incorporate interval training, proper nutrition, hydration, and rest