Classical Conditioning (Ch 6)
A stimulus that naturally evokes a response without conditioning.
Adding something pleasant to increase a behavior.
What is positive reinforcement?
The process of getting information into memory.
What is encoding?
A microscopic mass of multiplying cells that migrates along the mother’s fallopian tube to the uterine cavity.
What is a zygote?
What is avoidant attachment?
A learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus due to prior pairing.
What is a conditioned response?
A consequence that decreases behavior.
What is punishment?
The process of of repetitively verbalizing or thinking about information.
What is rehearsal?
A structure that allows oxygen and nutrients to pass into the fetus from the mother’s bloodstream and bodily wastes to pass out to the mother.
What is the placenta?
The attachment style where infants are not comforted by their caregiver's return.
What is anxious/ambivalent attachment?
A stimulus that, on its own, does not evoke an automatic response.
What is a neutral stimulus?
Removing something unpleasant to increase a behavior.
What is negative reinforcement?
An unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time, perhaps a lifetime.
What is long-term memory?
The second stage of prenatal development, or, the period of pregnancy time lasting week two the end of the second month.
What is the embryonic stage?
The stage during which sexual functions reach maturity, which marks the beginning of adolescence.
What is puberty?
A previously neutral stimulus that, through conditioning, now evokes a conditioned response.
What is a conditioned stimulus?
The major theorist behind operant conditioning.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
The idea that people forget information because of competition from other material.
What is interference theory?
The prenatal stage at which organs grow.
What is the fetal stage?
Erikson's stage of development in early adulthood where the key concern is whether a person can develop the capacity to share intimacy with others.
What is intimacy vs. isolation?
The major theorist behind classical conditioning.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
A behavior prevents an aversive stimulus before it occurs.
What is avoidance learning?
A temporary inability to remembersomething you know, accompanied by a feeling that it’s just out of reach.
What is tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?
A collection of congenital (inborn) problemsassociated with excessive alcohol use during pregnancy.
What is fetal alcohol syndrome?
Erikson's stage of development during the retirement years, where the challenge is to avoid the tendency to dwell on the mistakes of the past and on one’s imminent death.
What is integrity vs. despair?