Post WWI: The Roaring Twenties
When soldiers returned home from the war, they discovered several problems; Describe 3/6.
1. Discrimination
2. Poverty
3. Labour unrest
4. Unfair wages - Winnipeg General Strike 1919
5. Indigenous populations treated unfairly
6. Sickness: 50,000 Canadians died from the Spanish Flu
What does prohibition mean?
A ban on alcoholic beverages.
Name 2 fashion trends women sported in the 20s.
Bobs and flappers.
What happened on Black Tuesday?
Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929, was the most devastating stock market crash in history, marking the end of the "Roaring Twenties" and signaling the start of the Great Depression.
Who was R.B. Bennett and how did Canadians feel about him?
He was the Prime Minister of Canada from 1930-1935. Canadians felt he did not have a true understanding of what people were going through in the 30s.
What allowed for the sale of more consumer goods and put large purchases within people's reach in the 20s?
Credit - spending money they would pay back to the bank.
What were illegal clubs that people visited to drink called?
Speakeasies or "Blind Pigs"
What music was popular during this time period? It was known as the _________ era.
Jazz
Describe 2 ways mothers utilized their skills to help their families survive during the Great Depression.
Acceptable answers:
- Buying cheap meats/veggies
- Making new recipes (squirrel pie)
- Making clothing out of flour sacks, drapes, bed sheets, etc.
What was the Sexual Sterilization Act (1933) and who did it affect?
Indigenous communities were affected as the government could sterilize Residential School inmates.
Who is Henry Ford and what did he create to support mass production in factories that would forever revolutionize the industry?
Acceptable answers:
- He invented the Ford Model T
- Increased wages
- Introduced shifts for 24hr work days
- Used an assembly line to support mass production
_____________ would load their high speed boats loaded with whiskey and alcohol out from boathouses for American ports in the dead of night.
Rum-runners or Bootleggers
Name an actor famous for how he used his body language and facial expressions in silent comedies.
Charlie Chaplain
What did Canadians call a car pulled by a horse, and a newspaper during the Great Depression?
1) Bennett Buggy 2) Bennett Blanket
What were work camps and what protest movement did it bring together?
Work camps: The government created work camps to help deal with the issue of homeless men roaming the country looking for work.
On-To-Ottawa Trek: When the workers in the camps had enough, they jumped on a train in Vancouver and started East, intending to travel to Ottawa and voice their complaints to Conservative Prime Minister R.B. Bennett.
What are 3 technological inventions that changed people's lives in the roaring twenties?
Acceptable answers:
- the radio
- refrigerator
- insulin
- gas stoves
- Ford Model T
What was the goal of the Women's Christian Temperance Union and why?
Their mission was to make Canada dry because they viewed drinking as the root of all evil, and the source of society's problems.
Who was Mary Pickford?
She was a Canadian actress, famous during the silent film era.
What environmental crisis did Canadians experience in the prairies? Explain your answer.
The dust bowl: farmers over ploughed their lands, extreme drought settled in, winds blew dust everywhere; animals drawn away and plagues of grasshoppers and hailstorms ruined remaining crops. Farmers had to move away for survival.
Who was William Lyon Mackenzie King and what was his "five-cent piece" announcement and how did Canadians react to it?
When the stock market crashed in 1929, William Lyon Mackenzie King was Prime Minister.
King announced that he would not give a “five-cent piece” to any province that did not have a Liberal government; This would come back to haunt him as voters refused to forget King’s “five-cent piece” announcement.
What Canadian resources were necessary to fuelling the economy?
- Pulp/paper
- Mining
- Oil and gas
- Agriculture (wheat)
This individual ran the biggest bootlegging operation in Hamilton, Guelph, Brantford, and Niagara. He was known as the king of bootleggers.
Rocco Perri
When was the NHL formed?
1917, expanded in the 20s.
Name 5 causes of the Great Depression.
1. Over production and over expansion.
2. Canada's dependence on primary products (wheat, fish, minerals, pulp/paper).
3. Canada's dependence on the United States as a trade partner.
4. High taxes impacted international trade.
5. Too much buying items and stocks utilizing credit.
What was Bennett's "New Deal"?
Bennett declared that he wanted to establish unemployment and social insurance, set up minimum wages, limit the hours of work and guarantee fair working treatment - It was not successful.