Matter
The broad law stating that matter cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction or a physical change.
What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
A pure substance made of only one type of atom that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
What is an element?
A type of mixture that is uniform throughout, meaning you cannot visually see the different parts.
What is a homogeneous mixture?
On a molecular level, gas pressure inside a container is caused entirely by these events.
What are particle collisions with the container walls?
Because an exothermic reaction releases thermal energy into its environment, a student holding the beaker during the reaction will feel this physical sensation.
What is heat (or it feels hot)?
Rusting, rotting, and exploding are all indicators that this specific type of change has taken place.
What is a chemical change?
This everyday compound is chemically known as sodium chloride.
What is table salt?
This specific separation method utilizes a barrier to trap solid particles while allowing liquid to pass through, perfect for separating sand from water.
What is filtration?
According to KMT, heating a sealed, rigid container causes gas pressure to rise because particles hit the walls with more force and with this.
What is higher frequency (or hitting more often)?
Hand warmers function because the oxidation (rusting) of iron powder inside releases heat, making it this type of reaction.
What is exothermic?
The phase transition where a solid turns directly into a gas without ever becoming a liquid, like dry ice.
What is sublimation?
This term describes elements that naturally exist as single, unbonded atoms, such as helium or neon.
What are monatomic elements?
To separate a mixture of sand and salt, you must first add water to dissolve the salt, filter out the sand, and then perform this process to retrieve the salt.
What is evaporation (or boiling/distillation)?
This specific type of collision occurs between gas particles where no total kinetic energy is lost, only transferred.
What is an elastic collision?
This broad type of chemical bond involves the sharing of valence electron pairs between two or more nonmetal atoms.
What is a covalent bond?
This term describes how easily a liquid flows; substances like honey or molasses have a very high level of it.
What is viscosity?
Unlike mixtures, a compound can only be separated back into its individual elements using this broad type of process.
What is a chemical change (or chemical reaction/means)?
If you dissolve sugar in water, the liquid remains sweet because the sugar molecules do not undergo this type of transformative event.
What is a chemical reaction (or chemical change)?
This type of mathematical relationship describes the link between temperature and average kinetic energy, meaning as one goes up, the other goes up.
What is a direct relationship?
A single molecule of glucose is made up of this exact total number of atoms combined.
What is 24?
When wood burns, wood and oxygen are classified as this part of the chemical equation.
What are the reactants?
Oxygen gas (O2) and chlorine gas (Cl2) belong to this specific group of elements that naturally pair up into two-atom molecules.
What are diatomic elements?
Spilling tomato sauce on your shirt is classified as this type of change, because the red pigments and oils are simply mixing with and clinging to the fabric fibers without creating any new chemical substances.
What is a physical change?
If you double the Kelvin temperature of a gas sample, this happens to the average kinetic energy of its particles.
What is it doubles?
If you increase the internal pressure of a gas inside a cylinder equipped with a free-moving piston, the piston will move in this direction to expand the volume and equalize the pressure.
What is up?