Unit 2: Review

Intro to microorganisms

100

Pathogenic Microorganisms VS Non-Pathogenic Microorganisms

Pathogenic: 

• harmful and can cause diseases.
• They disrupt normal body functions
• can lead to illnesses ranging from mild infections to severe conditions

Non-pathogenic: 

• helpful or harmless microorganisms that live on or inside your body
• They assist with digestion, protect against harmful germs, and maintain overall health

200

This pathogen has 3 shaped

Bacteria

300

Botulism is what type of bacteria

Anaerobic

400

This type of bacteria needs oxygen to survive

aerobic

500

this pathogen has a nucleus

Protozoa

Pathogens

100

Rhinovirus causes

common cold

200

Ringworm/athletes foot is a

Dermatophyte- type of fungi

300

this spreads through contaminated food or water especially in areas with poor sanitation and infects the intestines. Can cause diarrhea and stomach pain

Amoebic Dysentery

400

What type of genetic material are viruses made of?

DNA/RNA

500

Where do Ectoparasites live? How do they feed from the host? Give an example.

- on the surface of the skin

- feed from blood

- lice

The Chain of Infection

100

is a series of events that need to happen for infections to spread

the chain of infection 

200

The chain begins with

an infectious agent 

300

what are the 2 modes of transmission? Provide an example for both

direct: shaking hands

indirect: touching a contaminated object

400

what are the 5 body defenses?

1. physical

2. chemical

3. immune

4. inflammatory

5. fever

500

How the pathogen enters the new host’s body is called; what are the 4 different ways it can enter?

Portal of entry

1. skin

2. respiratory

3. digestive

4. bloodstream

Hand Hygiene & Cleaning the Environment

100

Fill in the blank

_________ is a standard precaution in health care 

hand hygiene

200

How long should you sanitize/wash your hands for?

20 seconds

300

this reduces the number of germs on a surface to a level considered safe for public health 

sanitation 

400

Antiseptics is a type of what which are safe to use on the skin

disinfecting

500

a widely used in health care to sterilize surgical instruments and other medical tools by exposing them to high heat and steam 

autoclaving

Special Infection Situations

100

These types of infections are caused by microorganisms that normally would not cause disease in a healthy person

opportunistic infections

200

These are germs that have changed so that medicines that once worked against them may no longer be effective

antibiotic-resistant pathogens

300

extra safety measures used during isolation to prevent the spread of germs 

transmission based precautions 

400

When dealing with these types of infections, doctors and nurses follow standard precautions plus transmission-based precautions

COVID-19 or tuberculosis (TB)

500

HAI stands for

Healthcare associated infections