Cell Theory
Cell theory says that all living things are made up of ________.
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
Which type of cell contains a cell wall?
A. Plant Cell
B. Animal Cell
A. Plant Cell
Which organelle contains DNA and acts as the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
Which structure controls what enters and leaves the cell?
Cell membrane
Define unicellular and multicellular
Unicellular = made up of one cell
Multicellular = made up of more than one cell / made up of many cells
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
Bacteria
Name TWO structures found in both plant and animal cells.
Any of these two:
cell membrane, ribosomes, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, rough/smooth ER, golgi apparatus, lysosomes
Which organelle packages proteins and lipids for delivery to specific destinations?
Golgi Apparatus
Which organelle converts food into energy for the cell?
Mitochondria
Cell theory says that all cells come from _________________
pre-existing cells
True or False: All prokaryotes are unicellular, but eukaryotes can be unicellular or multicellular.
True
True or False: Plant cells have chloroplasts instead of mitochondria because they get their energy from sunlight.
False. Plant cells can have both chloroplasts and mitochondria. Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis, while mitochondria release usable energy from food.
What is the function of ribosomes?
Ribosomes build proteins
What is the function of lysosomes?
Break down and recycle materials and old cell parts
Cell theory states that the cell is the most basic unit of _________ and _________.
structure and function.
What are the four structures found in all cells?
DNA, Ribosomes, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm
True or False: Plant cells have a cell wall, so they don't need a cell membrane.
False. Plant cells have both a cell wall for support and a cell membrane that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
What is the difference between the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, but the smooth ER does not.
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Makes lipids and hormones and removes toxins from the body.
What are the levels of organization from smallest to largest?
Cells --> tissues --> organs --> organ system --> organism
What are three differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Nucleus: prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, but eularyotic cells do.
Size: prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells
Organelles: prokaryotic cells do not have memrbane-bound organelles, but eukaryotic cells do
Number of cells: prokaryotes are always unicellular but eukaryotes can be unicellular of multicellular
What are the three differences between plant and animal cells?
1. Plant cells have a cell wall
2. Plant cells have chloroplasts
3. Plant cells have a large central vacuole
A cell cannot properly produce energy even when there is plenty of sunlight available. Which organelle is most likely not working correctly?
Chloroplasts
A cell produces proteins but cannot properly sort, package, and ship them to their destinations. Which organelle is most likely not working correctly?
The Golgi Apparatus