Bias
What is Bias?
The unknown or unacknowledged error created during design, measurement, sampling, procedure, or choice of problem studies
What are the 2 benefits of the Scientific Method?
- Provides several logical steps to be followed
- Provides firm organization for scientific inquiry
What is step 1?
Background research
What was the Stanford Prison Experiment?
a psychology study in which college students became prisoners or guards in a simulated prison environment
What is a variable?
anything that can be changed in an experiment
Why are the 3 types of Bias?
- Design
- The regression effect
- Validity
What steps are involved in the scientific method?
-ask question
-background research
-construct hypothesis
-test with an experiment
-analyze results/draw conclusion
-hypothesis true or false
-report results
What is Step 2?
Conduct a hypothesis
When did this experiment start?
August 14,1971
What are the 3 main types?
- controlled
- independent
- dependent
What is Validity?
Is the research really measuring what it claims to be measuring?
What is a Hypothesis?
a statement that introduces a research question and proposes an expected result
What is Step 3?
Test with an experiment
Why was the experiment forced to end early?
-emotional breakdowns of prisoners
-excessive aggression of the guards
What is a Controlled Variable?
Variables that are kept constant or unchanged
What is the regression effect?
The researcher chooses the most extreme examples in a group of research subjects for a study.
How many potential results of an experiment are in relation to the hypothesis?
3
What is Step 4?
Analyze and Draw Conclusions
Who conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment?
professor Philip G. Zimbardo
What is an Independent Variable?
the one factor you are changing
What is Design?
Design of experiment leads to invalid results
What are the potential results of an experiment in relation to the hypothesis?
-Hypothesis is proven true and reported to other scientists
-Hypothesis is proven false and abandoned
- Hypothesis is proven partially true and partially false and must be modified
What is Step 5?
Report Results
What was the result of this experiment?
revealed how people will readily conform to the social roles they are expected to play
What is a Dependent Variable?
the variable which you observe