State Change
Give an example of an irreversible physical change where matter changes from liquid to solid.
Cooking an egg. You can't un cook it :)
Define Kinetic Energy. Explain how Kinetic Energy and Temperature are related.
Kinetic energy is the energy of movement. Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy in matter. One determines the other.
Why is Density more accurate and useful way to identify matter than mass or volume alone? What type of Physical Quality is density?
Because Density = the quotient of the two quantitative qualities of matter.
ALSO
Density is CONSTANT while mass or volume can change.
Chemical Change = Change of matter that produces new substances. Contains reactants and products.
Give an example of friction force. What are the three types of friction force?
Frozone uses friction force to slide along the ice he creates. He uses sliding friction. The other two types are rolling and static friction.
Give an example of plasma.
The visible fork of lightning.
Use the Kinetic Molecular Theory to explain the process of thermal expansion. Give 1 everyday example.
Thermal expansion takes place because the increase in temperature means an increase in kinetic energy, the particles move more, and get farther apart. So, matter will change shape often. Example: Train tracks warping, or pot holes in roads after winter.
What are all the qualitative characteristics of matter?
Define Qualitative Quality. Is it a chemical or physical property of matter?
Texture, Flavour, Odour, Lustre, State.
Qualitative Qualities of matter are those that describe the qualities of matter, its appearance in ways that help us categorize.
Physical Property
What term is: the ability to react with other substances to form one ore more new substances.
Chemical Property
How do construction workers use tension force? What other superhero uses this type of force?
Construction workers use tension force when they use a crane to life heavy objects. When the cable is pulled tight at either end it creates tension force. SpiderMan uses it when he lifts heavy objects using his web.
What term describes when matter changes states from gas to solid? Give an example, and explain your answer.
Deposition, ie: seeing your breath in winter. The gas you exhale is crystallizing (going from gas to solid.)
Use the Kinetic Molecular Theory to explain how liquids become solids. Explain particle movement and give an example. Include the term that explains the state change in your example.
When a liquid becomes solid:
-Kinetic Energy DECREASES
-Particles move less and form a RIGID structure
-Particle movement goes from sliding past and revolving to staying in place and vibrating
-The term for this is freezing
What are all the QUANTITATIVE qualities of matter?
Temperature (Melting point, boiling point)
Solubility
Hardness Scale
Viscosity
Density
What are the four chemical properties of matter?
According to the atomic model, what are atoms made of? What is each part called/named?
ATM states that atoms are made of elementary particles known as electrons, protons, and neutrons.
Define melting point. Give an example.
Definition: The temperature at which solid turns into a liquid. When sugar is heated until it becomes caramel.
In the Kinetic Molecular Theory what are the four main points the theory consists of?
1) Matter is made up of particles
2) Particles exist in empty space
3) Particles are in constant motion
4) Energy makes particles move
Define a PHYSICAL CHANGE of matter
Change of matter that DOES NOT alter the chemical identity or composition.
What does the Law of Conservation of Mass state? Give an example.
The mass of the products always equals the mass of the reactants. For example, if we had weighed the liquid hydrogen peroxide, dish soap and yeast, they would have weighed the same as the elephant toothpaste.
What do quarks combine to make?
Quarks combine to make composite particles called hadrons.
What type of characteristic is state?
State is a physical qualitative characteristic of matter.
When ice cubes are in the freezer and they are getting smaller after a long time what is happening? Why?
Sublimation is happening, because the ice cubes are changing from solid to gas as they evaporate in the freezer.
Define mass and volume. What formula is used to calculate density?
Mass = the quantity of matter in an object or sample.
Volume = the amount of space matter takes up.
Density = mass/volume
Using the Kinetic Model Theory describe the particle behaviour before and after all the reactants were added when we made elephant toothpaste. What happened to the kinetic energy, the temperature, and particle movement?
First the particles were liquid = kinetic energy was at its midpoint. Particles were sliding past one another and rotating. As soon as the hydrogen peroxide and yeast were mixed kinetic energy dramatically increased and changed states to a gas so particles were shooting in every direction only getting trapped in the dish soap as bubbles creating hot foam.
Define lepton.
A lepton is a type of elementary particle that does NOT experience strong force.