respiratory
respiratory
ear, nose, throat
cardio
cardio/hematology
100
what etiology are the triggers antigen / antibody related
what is intrinsic
100
What is documented on respiratory sounds
what you heard, when you heard it and when
100
What is the name of the procedure to provide continous drainage of the infected middle ear fluid.
Myringotomy
100
What is a sign of cardiac distress in babies?
sweating (usually don't begin sweating until 4-6 months)
100
What is the gold standard when diagnosing sickle cell anemia? Why are sickle cell patients not usually placed on oxygen as much?
hemoglobin electrophoresis. supresses the bone marrow making them more anemic.
200
What is difficult for asthmatics, inspiring or expiring air.
what is expiring
200
What area is affected by bronchiolitis and what does it cause
lower airways, hyperinflation / air trapping
200
What is the time to look for bleeding in a tonsilitis patient.
post operative (no red or brown juices) and 7-10 days after surgery when the scab starts to slough off.
200
When the fetal ductus arteriosis doesn't close the blood flowing from higher pressure aorta to the lower pressure pulmonary artery causing a left to right shunt is called what?
Patent Ductus Arterosis (PDA)
200
What are three signs of leukemia ?
neutropenia (low amount of mature WBC), anemia (low RBC), thrombocytopenia (low platlets in the blood).
300
What is the best way to give asthmatics steroids and why?
inhalant , low dose and acts right where you need it to. no systemic side effects that oral steroids usually cause.
300
Patients with cystic fibrosis have issues absorbing which vitamins.
fat soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K .
300
What is the first vital sign to change post op after a tonsillectomy
heart rate, when the heart rate cant compensate the blood pressure changes.
300
What is the cardiac issue where there is an increased flow of oxygenated blood into the right side of the heart?
atrial septal defect (ASD)
300
What are nursing interventions for patients with leukemia?
family support, teaching (chemo, central lines, immunosupression, good oral care), prevent complications (bleeding, anemia, infection), chemo precautions, anorexia, help with coping (acne, losing hair, gain weight due to steroids)
400
What is the s/s that is different between epiglottis and laryngotracheobronchitis? What do you not do for an epiglottis patient? What does the cough sound like in a laryngotracheobronchitis patient?
epiglottis patients have a toxic appearance, while laryngotracheobronchitis patients do not look toxic. you do not inspect the throat or stick anything in their mouth, can cause complete airway obstruction. Seal like or brassy cough.
400
What is a diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis? What is a red flag for cystic fibrosis patients?
Sweat chloride test - sweat that is secreted has high amount of NaCl or Meconium ileus - would present as tarry, sticky, bulky stool or no BM within first 12-24 hours. not gaining weight (failure to thrive, breathing rapidly, burning calories, cant digest food they intake)
400
What are a few pre op teaching points for a tonsillitis patient?
inform the patient and family what to expect, the diet, lab work (PTT) and check for loose teeth to prevent aspiration during procedure.
400
What cardiac issue results in an increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Also causes pulmonary hypertension resulting in what?
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD). the lungs get full of blood causing it to slow down resulting in leaking capillaries and pulmonary edema.
400
When should Digoxin be held for infants?
When the HR is < 90-100
500
What is the most common cause of upper airway obstruction. Do the patients have difficulty inhaling or expiring air. What is the common sign/symptom of this.
CROUP / Acute laryngotracheobronchitis and spreads to larynx and trachea. have difficulty inhaling air. inspiratory stridor.
500
What isolation status is a patient placed on when they are positive for RSV. when is a RSV patient placed on NPO. what is the antigen against RSV.
contact isolation - RSV particles are so big that they dont stay airborne but can land on surfaces. when respiration rate is over 60. Ribaviron
500
What are complications of strep throat?
Glomerulonephritis: acute illness 10 days after infection – HTN, cola colored urine, benign outcome Rheumatic fever: poorly understood inflammatory disease: skin, nervous system, skin, joint, and most importantly, cardiac manifestations that can cause permanent damage.
500
What are the hemodynamic characteristics of CHD?
increased pulmonary blood flow, decreased pulmonary blood flow, obstruction to blood flow out of the heart, mixed blood flow.
500
What is a priority nursing intervention for patients who have Tetralogy of Fallot ? What is a lab value that will be abnormal?
Hydration . the unoxygenated blood in the circulation caused the blood to become thick and sludgy increasing the risk for clots. higher RBC count - higher hemoglobin and oxygen carrying capacity.
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