French Revolution
Excessive spending, culture at the Palace of Versailles of extravagance, lavish celebrations
the extravagance of King Louis XIV (14th) “Sun King
How did the First and Second Estate differ from the Third Estate?
The first two estates were wealthy but a small percentage of the population, the third estate was much poorer but the majority of the population
Things go a little too far.. Violent turn, abolish the monarchy, kill Louis
XVI and Marie Antoinette, establish republic
Radical Phase 1792-1794
Era with mass executions
Reign of Terror
Controls much of Europe
France Builds an Empire
Ineffective -> financial issues, political discontent, eventually overthrown and executed
the rule of King Louis XVI (16th)
3rd estate establishes the National Assembly – to stop the injustices against them
Adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and created a Constitutional Monarchy
Moderate Phase 1789-1791
Relative stability
Conservative Phase 1795-1799
Method of execution – decapitation
Guillotine
Napoleon tries to invade Russia and fails, Russian actic is to burn everything as they retreat to leave
Napoleon with no resources
Failed Invasion of Russia and Scorched-Earth Policy-
What economic troubles were the people of France experiencing?
Poor financial planning, large debts, bad tax plans
Meeting of the 3 estates
Estates General
Overthrows the Directory
Revolutionized the military
State controlled education
Napoleonic Phase 1799-1815
committee during the 1st French Republic
Establishment of the Five Man
Directory
40,000 French dead, bad weather poor planning
Loss at Waterloo
Who made up the Third Estate in France?
~96% of the French population – everyone who was not noble or clergy
1789 crowd storms Bastille prison to go against royal oppression
Fall of the Bastille
1793 chopped off his head after he tried to escape
Execution of Louis XVI
Coup of the directory
Rise of Napoleon from
General-Dictator-Emperor
Napoleon is send into exile after losses, forced to abdicate the throne
Napoleon Exile
Led Congress of Vienna
Prince Clemens von Metternich of Austria
1789 meeting of the 3rd estate to establish a constitution
Tennis Court Oath
1790 – president of the Jacobin – democratic reforms
Rise of Maximilien Robespierre
Inspired by the enlightenment, civil code outlines civil liberties
Napoleonic Code
How did the Congress of Vienna create a
Balance of Power in Europe?
Redistributed territories across Europe,
return monarchs to power