Road to the Revolution
What war caused Britain to go into debt and begin taxing the colonies?
The French and Indian War
What type of warfare did the Patriots often use, surprising the British?
Guerrilla warfare
Before creating the Articles of Confederation, the colonies met for the First Continental Congress. Why was this meeting an important first step toward forming a national government?
It brought the colonies together to discuss shared problems with Britain and showed the need for cooperation between the colonies which led to a foundation for the first U.S. government.
What compromise created a two-house Congress with equal and proportional representation?
The Great Compromise
Which event did colonial leaders use as propaganda to unite colonists against Britain?
The Boston Massacre
What policy let the colonies govern themselves as long as they remained loyal to Britain?
Salutary Neglect
What did the Gadsden Flag say, and what did it represent?
“Don’t Tread on Me”; resistance to British control
What was the first government of the United States called?
The Articles of Confederation
What compromise counted enslaved people as part of the population for representation?
The Three-Fifths Compromise
What battle forced the British to retreat toward Yorktown, turning the tide of the war?
Battle of Cowpens
What was the colonists’ main complaint about taxes like the Stamp, Sugar, and Townshend Acts?
“Taxation without representation”
Which ally helped block British ships at Yorktown, leading to victory?
France
Why was the AOC considered weak?
It gave too much power to the states and not enough to the national government
What is the system that divides power between national and state governments?
Federalism
Match the leader to the nickname and why: Swamp Fox, Wizard Owl, Fighting Gamecock
Francis Marion - he was gone like a ghost.
Andrew Pickens - he was calm and collect.
Thomas Sumter - he was a fierce fighter.
The Proclamation of 1763 was designed to do what?
Keep colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
In the middle of the Revolutionary War, soldiers faced more than just battles. What major problem did they deal with?
The Continental Congress couldn’t afford to supply them, so many soldiers went without food, clothing, and proper shelter, and thousands died from hunger and disease.
What could the national government NOT do under the Articles of Confederation? (3 things)
Collect Taxes, Regulate Trade, and it did not create a uniformed currency.
What was South Carolina’s biggest fear about the Constitution before ratifying it?
They were worried the new national government might gain too much power. Especially regarding the power to control trade, or create laws that could eventually limit or end slavery.
At the Battle of Sullivan’s Island, what natural resource made the fort strong enough to withstand British cannon fire and save Charleston?
Palmetto logs
What was the main purpose of the money Britain made from the Townshend Acts?
To help cover the cost of keeping British soldiers in the colonies.
*The others were designed to cover the debt from the French & Indian War.
Why did many Southerners begin to support the Patriot cause during the later years of the Revolutionary War?
Because the fighting moved into the South, and when the war began directly impacting their homes and farms, many Southerners turned against the British.
What rebellion showed the need for a stronger national government?
Shays’ Rebellion
What document was added to the Constitution to protect individual freedoms, who wrote it, and what political group did he identify as?
The Bill of Rights, James Madison, Anti-Federalist
Match the Thomas to their document: Thomas Paine & Thomas Jefferson. Why were these written?
Thomas Jefferson wrote Declaration of Independence to express their grievances with the King.
Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense to increase the idea of Independence.