Important Figures/Groups
Who received their freedom as a result of the Declaration of Independence?
The Colonists
Who was on each side in the French and Indian War?
British and Colonists vs. French and Native American Allies.
What were the names of the treaties that ended both the French and Indian War and the American Revolution? (name & year)
French and Indian War: Treaty of Paris 1763.
American Revolution: Treaty of Paris 1783.
What was the 3/5 compromise?
how many salves = how many votes?
Counted enslaved individuals as three-fifths of a person for representation.
5 slaves = 3 votes
What is a "blank check"
Spend whatever it takes to win the war
Who were the Loyalists
Who were the Patriots?
Loyalists: Colonists who remained loyal to Britain during the American Revolution.
Patriots: Colonists who supported independence from Britain.
Describe the significance of Pontiac’s Rebellion
Native American uprising against British expansion into western territories.
Led to the British issuing the Proclamation of 1763, restricting colonial expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Describe the taxes the British imposed on the colonists to recoup the cost of the war
Indirect taxes were placed on tea, glass, paper, and lead that were imported into the colonies Stamp, Townshend, and Tea Acts).
Colonists viewed these as unjust without representation in Parliament.
What was the difference between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution?
Articles had a weak central government, no executive or judicial branch, and no power to tax.
The Constitution established a strong federal government with separate branches and the ability to tax.
What were some advantages/disadvantages for both the colonists and the British during the Revolutionary War?
Colonists: Had a cause, France was on their side, were not trained, lack of supplies/resources
British: were experienced, had resources, officers were careless/poor leaders, not fighting for a cause
Who was George Washington & what precedents did he set during his presidency? (5)
Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and first U.S. President.
Neutrality in Foreign Affairs
2-Term President
Use of Force to Enforce the Law (Whiskey Rebellion)
Creation of a Cabinet of Advisors
Fear of Political Parties
What was the significance of Shay’s Rebellion?
Exposed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.
Highlighted the need for a stronger federal government.
Prompted calls for the Constitutional Convention.
What was the effect of the Proclamation Line of 1763?
Prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
The angry colonists defied the order and moved west by the thousands anyways
What did the Whiskey Rebellion prove?
Demonstrated the power of the new federal government to enforce laws (the constitution works)
What were the two main ideas in Washington’s Farewell Address?
Warned against political parties and foreign alliances.
Promoted national unity and neutrality.
What was the difference between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
Who was the leader of each?
Federalists: Were not in favor of keeping the Articles of Confederation (Alexander Hamilton)
Anti-Federalists: Were in favor of keeping the Articles of Confederation (did not want to ratify the new constitution) (Thomas Jefferson)
Name the four points of the Treaty of Paris 1783
Full American independence
All territory east of the Mississippi River, between Canada & FL
The removal of the British army from U.S. claims in America
Fishing rights in the Atlantic
What was the Alien Act?
What was the Sedition Act?
Alien Act- gave him the power to expel any foreign-born resident who posed a threat to the country
Sedition Act- aimed at his political opponents; made it a crime to write anything false and/or scandalous about the President or government.
What did the Judiciary Act of 1789 do?
Created the Supreme Court and the Federal Court system.
True or False?
The Articles of Confederation focused on state rights and had a weak federal government
True
Who is the Father of the Constitution?
James Madison
Describe what happened in the following battles:
Lexington and Concord
Bunker Hill
Saratoga
Yorktown
Lexington & Concord (Shot Heard Around the World)
Bunker Hill (Can hold our own against England)
Saratoga (Brought the French into the War)
Yorktown (Final Battle)
What did these acts do?
1. Stamp Act
2. Sugar Act
3. Tea Act
4. Intolerable Acts
5. Quartering Act
Stamp Act: Taxed paper products
Sugar Act: Placed duties (tax) on foreign sugar and certain other luxury goods
Tea Act: Tax on tea (payback war debt) in hopes of saving the East India Company out of its financial woes; leading to the Boston Tea Party.
Intolerable Acts: Punitive laws in response to the Boston Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor and restricted colonial government.
Quartering Act: Required colonists to house and supply British troops.
What were the Virginia Plan, New Jersey Plan, and Great Compromise?
Virginia Plan: Legislature based on population
New Jersey Plan: based on fixed number
Great Compromise: one house based on population and the other based on fixed number
What did Ben Franklin's "Join or Die" propaganda symbolize?
the need for colonial unity