Nucleic acids
What are some examples of Nucleic Acids
DNA, and RNA
What are some examples of proteins?
What are some examples of Carbohydrates?
Bread, pasta, carbs.
What are some examples of Lipids?
Peanut butter, olive oil, and fatty acids.
How many calories are in one gram of fat?
How many calories are in one gram of carbohydrates and proteins?
Fat- 9 calories for 1g of fat
protein and carbohydrates- 4 calories for 1g of fat
What are the monomers of nucleic acids?
Nucleotide (made of a phosphate group, sugar, and a nitrogenous base)
What are the monomers of Proteins?
Amino Acids.
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
Monosaccharides joined using glycosidic linkages.
What are the 4 categories of lipids?
Phospholipids, Triglycerides, waxes, steroids.
What are the properties of water?
Water molecules stick together.
Water has a strong resistance to changes in temp.
Frozen water is less dense than liquid water.
Water is a common solvent for life.
What are nucleic acids used for?
DNA and RNA are used for DNA to form and help your traits.
What are proteins used for?
What are carbohydrates used for?
Used to make energy
What are lipids used for?
Used for energy storage cushioning and insulation.
What is the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
Dehydration synthesis allows the monomer which allows the monomers to link together to form a polymer (small to big)
Hydrolysis does not allow the monomer which does not allow the monomers to link together to form a polymer (small to big)
What is a nucleotide base?
DNA is a double-strand molecule. Each nucleotide in a strand has a complementary base in another strand.
Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Adenine.
Structural, Storage, Contractile, Transport, and Enzymes.
what are the structural properties?
Small carbohydrates have OH groups. This makes them polar. So polar molecules easily dissolve in water making them hydrophilic.
What can Triglycerides categorized as?
Saturated- Maximum number of hydrogens bonded to carbons (ex. room temp Butter, fat on a steak)
Unsaturated- less than the maximum number of hydrogen bonded to carbons (ex. Liquid at room temp)
What are the monomers that make up the 4 major macromolecule groups?
lipids- don't have a monomer
Carbohydrates- Monosaccharides
nucleic acids- Nucleotide
proteins- Amino Acids
How is the carbon cycle related to the macromolecules?
All of the macromolecules contain carbon. Photosynthesis produces glucose and cellular respiration breaks down glucose.
What are the functions of Enzymes?
They are proteins that help lower the activation energy making it more likely that reactions occur in the body.
How do you form polysaccharides?
What are the properties of lipids?
They have more hydrogen-to-carbon bonds than other organic compounds so they can store the most energy per gram. They are also mostly nonpolar, so they will not dissolve in water.
What is a carbon cycle?
All the macromolecules contain carbon and as a result, create photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Also, Photosynthesis produces glucose and cellular respiration breaks down glucose.