Proteins/Lipids
These are insoluble in water. Found in fats, oils, waxes, and hormones
Lipids
What are the three types of subatomic particles?
Neutrons, protons, electrons
This type of bond involves atoms sharing electrons
Covalent bond
Water is made up of what atoms?
2 atoms of Hydrogen, 1 atom of Oxygen
Energy release (heat)
Storage of energy
Proteins are made from chains of what?
Amino Acids
What subatomic particles are found in the nucleus, each weighing 1 amu and forming the atomic mass of an element?
Neutrons and Protons
This type of bond involves one atom donating electrons and one atom receiving electrons
Ionic Bond
What is cohesion?
Water binds to other water molecules
Monomers are single molecules that link together to make up larger molecules. In Carbohydrates what are the monomers?
Monosaccharides
A saturated lipid has no what?
Double Bonds
Where are the electrons of an element's atom found?
In the electron levels/cloud/rings
This group of elements does not participate in bonding.
Noble Gases (Group 18)
Water binds to other substances or molecules
Nucleotides, the monomers of Nucleic Acids, are made of what three basic structures?
A phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogenous base
The head of a phospholipid is water-loving. This means it is what?
Hydophililic
What subatomic particle is involved in bonding?
Electrons
When atoms bond ionically the result is one positive ion and one negative ion. What is the positive ion called?
Why is water's ability to float when it is frozen biologically important?
Aquatic (water) life needs the water to not freeze solid so that they can live below the ice
What do enzymes do?
They speed up reactions in the body
What subatomic particle is used to identify the element of a particular atom?
The protons
The goal of bonding is for each atom to have a full valence shell. In order for a valence shell to be full (with the exception of Hydrogen) how many electrons must it have?
8 electrons
How are adhesion and cohesion important to the transport of water? (Think about water movement in a plant)
In order for water to reach the leaves of a plant, it must fight gravity from the roots. To do this water molecules attach to each other through cohesion to form a chain and attach to the inside of the plant stem through adhesion to pull each other up.
Denaturation. (They lose their shape and can no longer bind to the substrate.)