Population Ecology
In the following options, which ones only include biotic factors?: Species, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere.
Species, Population, & Community have only biotic factors!
Fitness is how well an organism can ____________ & ____________.
survive; reproduce
Are plants in water ecosystems usually closer to the surface or located deeper in the water?
Closer to the surface to receive sunlight.
The scientific name for polar bears is Ursus maritimus. Which part of that name is the genus?
Genus: Ursus
Species: maritimus
What is the name of what was happening to the Siberian tigers when they were killed and sold?
Poaching
What is it called when Sandhill Cranes fly south in the winter, stay there a while, and then go back north when it warms back up outside?
Migration
What is a keystone species?
Also, give an example!
A keystone species is a species that has a large effect on their ecosystem, and the food chain could possibly collapse without their presence.
Ex: otters
What biome receives the most rainfall, & which one receives the least rainfall?
Most rainfall: tropical rainforest
Least rainfall: desert
What do speciation and extinction do to species diversity?
Speciation: increases species diversity; species is geographically isolated & eventually becomes 2 separate species that don't interbreed
Extinction: decreases species diversity; species dies out
What is the biggest reason that biodiversity is decreasing around the world?
Habitat loss/change
What is the difference between immigration & emigration?
Immigration: organism moves INTO an area (increases population size)
Emigration: organism EXITS an area (decreases population size)
What are 2 main differences between primary & secondary succession?
Primary: no soil, new ecosystem, pioneer species: lichen & moss
Secondary: does have soil, ecosystem was previously there, pioneer species: grasses and weeds
What is the name of the data set that we can look at to see both precipitation & temperature?
Climatograph!
Double Jeopardy!
If you know this answer, your group will receive 600 points.
What is it called when you have an organism that lives in 1 area in the world and nowhere else?
It is an endemic species.
Random Question!!!
When is Mrs. Lu's birthday? (If you're within 2 days of the correct day, I will give your team the points)
May 8th
Draw the following population distributions & tell me which one is most common: Random, Clumped, & Uniform
Random: organisms located all over the place; no pattern
Clumped: organisms in groups/herds; most common in nature!
Uniform: evenly distributed across an area
For the following interaction types, please list their relationships (+, -, 0): mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, predation, & competition.
Mutualism (+,+)
Commensalism (+, 0)
Parasitism (+, -)
Predation (+, -)
Competition (-, -)
What are 3 characteristics of the tundra?
Cold most of the year, high wind, low precipitation, low biodiversity, frozen underground soil called permafrost
Label the following with the specific type of diversity I am referencing:
1. I go to the forest and see that there are squirrels, deer, bears, oak trees, and kudzu.
2. I compare the DNA between different tiger subspecies.
3. In the United States, there are deserts, grasslands, temperate forests, coastal wetlands, etc.
1. Species diversity
2. Genetic diversity
3. Ecosystem diversity
What is it called when developing countries put aside some money for conservation and education efforts & then other conservation organizations around the world help pay off the country's debt?
Debt-for-nature swap
What is the difference between logistic and exponential growth?
Draw a graph of each.
Logistic: population reaches a carrying capacity; s-shaped curve
Exponential: population is continuing to grow; j-shaped curve
Draw a trophic pyramid. It needs to have 4 levels. You must label the organisms in the food chain, the amount of energy they all have, and what they are called (ex: producers).
4th level: Snake - 0.1% energy - Tertiary consumers
3rd level: Robin - 1% energy - Secondary consumers
2nd level: Grasshopper - 10% energy - Primary consumers
1st level: Grass - 100% energy - Producers
Water has a high heat capacity. What does this mean the ocean will feel like in spring vs in fall?
With high heat capacity, it takes water a long time to warm up and also a long time to cool back down.
In spring, the water is still going to be cold even though the air outside is getting warmer.
In fall, the water will still be warm, but the air will be getting colder.
What does the Endangered Species Act do? List at least 2 things.
-Protects endangered species from being harmed
-Forbids trade in products made from endangered species
-Requires an updated list of all endangered and threatened species
-U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service must develop a recovery plan for all those species
What is extirpation?
A species goes extinct in 1 specific area, but that species still exists in other parts of the world.