Explorers
What explorer mapped the Texas coastline in 1519?
Alonso Álvarez de Pineda
What was Cabeza de Vaca's first name?
Álvar Núñez
Why did Spanish explorers investigate areas of Texas?
To search for riches.
What is one way Indigenous people adapted to their environment?
They moved to different places when food became difficult to find.
Why do historians divide history into eras?
To organize information about the past.
What was one important result of Pineda's expedition?
It gave Europeans geographic knowledge of the Texas coast.
What happened to the Narváez expedition in 1527?
Its ships were damaged in a hurricane off the Texas coast.
What was one reason Catholic priests established missions?
To convert Indigenous people to Christianity.
What foods did the Indigenous people in Cabeza de Vaca's account eat?
Roots and fish.
What does an era describe?
A period of time with similar characteristics.
What was Hernán Cortés known for conquering?
The Aztec Empire.
What did Cabeza de Vaca do that made his journey historically important?
He traveled through Texas and recorded some of the earliest accounts of encounters with Indigenous groups.
What were presidios used for?
To protect Spanish establishments.
What did Indigenous groups sometimes do to defend their land?
Form confederacies. (Form alliances)
What happened in Texas after the coastline was mapped in 1519?
Spain gained greater knowledge of the region, which supported later exploration and settlement.
What did Coronado search for?
The Seven Cities of Gold.
According to Cabeza de Vaca's account, what did Indigenous people do when food became difficult to find?
They moved to other places to look for food.
What three things helped Spain establish its presence in Texas?
Missions, presidios, and roads/settlements.
Why was adapting to the environment important for Indigenous peoples?
It helped them survive and find necessary resources.
What is one defining characteristic of the era of Natural Texas and Its People?
Indigenous tribes lived in Texas and adapted to the environment.
Compare Pineda and Coronado. What was one major difference between their expeditions?
Pineda mapped the Texas coastline, while Coronado searched for riches/the Seven Cities of Gold.
What did Cabeza de Vaca's stories about treasures encourage others to do?
Explore what is now Texas.
Why did the hardships of exploration make colonization difficult?
Dangerous travel, limited food, conflicts, and unfamiliar land required settlers to adapt to the environment.
Using Cabeza de Vaca's account, give two pieces of evidence that show how Indigenous people adapted to their environment.
They ate roots and fish, and they moved to other places when food became difficult to find.
Why was European exploration important to the later history of Texas?
Exploration gave Europeans greater knowledge of Texas and encouraged continued exploration, settlement, and Spanish influence in the region.