The Enlightenment in Europe
The Enlightenment can best be described as the spread of a new way of ________.
What is thinking?
The Bengali Renaissance took place in this country.
What is India?
This was the reason that the American colonists revolted.
What are taxes?
The peasants of France were known as the _____ Estate.
What is the Third?
This decisive and aggressive action helped to initiate Napoleon Bonaparte's rapid rise to power in France.
What was firing grapeshot into a crowd of Royalists?
The Enlightenment philosopher John Locke argued that all humans have the inherent right to these three things.
What are life, liberty and property?
The Tanzimat was an Enlightenment-style reform movement that sought to modernize and revitalize this once-great Turkish empire.
What was the Ottoman Empire?
The United States, before it became an independent nation, consisted of colonies created by this European empire.
What was the British Empire?
Tired of being overruled by the clergy and the nobility, the French peasants fled here to hold their own convention.
What is a tennis court?
This was one tactic that Napoleon used to create the false image that France was a democracy under his rule.
What was holding rigged elections?
The philosopher Anton Wilhelm Amo originated in this country.
What is Ghana?
This was one major way in which the beliefs of African philosophers differed from those of their European counterparts.
What is being against slavery?
The philosophers of the Nahda were adherents of this religion.
What is Islam?
This was why certain Native American tribes fought during the American Revolution.
What is being promised their land back?
This was the method of execution employed by the French revolutionaries.
What is the guillotine?
This was the reason that the nations of Europe banded together and declared war on Napoleonic France.
What is being afraid that the revolutionary ideals of the French Revolution would spread to other European nations?
The philosopher Zera Yacob originated in this country.
What is Ethiopia?
The Ottoman Tanzimat granted Ottoman citizens the right to do this, which ultimately gave rise to the Nahda, or the Arab Enlightenment.
What was the freedom to publish any and all literary materials?
These two European nations supported the American colonists against Britain.
What are Spain and France?
This was the period of the French Revolution during which the rebels succumbed to paranoia, granted too much power to the "Committee of Public Safety", and decapitated hundreds of French citizens.
What was the "Reign of Terror"?
This fatal mistake caused Napoleon's string of victories over the other nations of Europe to come to an end.
What was invading Russia in the winter?
The Enlightenment philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that citizens and their governments must arrive at an unspoken "social contract", and that said citizens have the right to do this if their government breaks that contract.
What is the right to rebel against their government?
The region of Bengal, where the Bengali Renaissance took place, is split between these two countries today.
What are India and Bangladesh?
Despite supporting the American Revolution, these three groups were denied rights upon the revolution's success.
What are African Americans, Native Americans, and women?
This man led the Committee of Public Safety during the Reign of Terror.
Who was Robespierre?
After Napoleon's incredible series of victories over the other nations of Europe, this European nation was the only rival left standing.
Who were the British?