Tiny Substances
What is the smallest unit of matter?
Atom
What is a chemical reaction?
The rearrangement of the molecular or ion structure of a substance
What is a macromolecule?
Large organic molecules also called “polymers”.
What is a polar molecule?
Molecules that have unequal distribution of charges.
What part of the atom is the nucleus in?
The center
What is a reactant?
starting substance
What are three examples of macromolecules?
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
What is capillary action?
Water gravity by traveling upward plants.
What charge do electrons have, and where are they located?
negative charge, outside nucleus
What is a product?
Substances formed by reaction
What is a carbohydrate?
carbon that is hydrated with water.
What does it mean when water is a universal solvent?
Dissolves many different substances.
What is a pure substance that can't be broken down?
An element
Minimum amount of energy needed for reaction to occur.
How do you make carbohydrates?
Dehydration Synthesis– links monomers together by removing an H₂O molecule
What is a mixture?
Combination of two or more substances, in which both retain the individual properties.
what is a isotope?
atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What does endothermic reaction do?
It absorbs energy, making it feel cool.
Hydrophobic molecules made of fatty acids
What is pH?
Measures the concentration of H+ ions in a solution