Video 1: Processing and Expectations
A type of processing in which you start with sensory information and build up to a perception.
What is bottom-up processing?
This Gestalt principle refers to the fact that our brain will often fill in the missing portions of incomplete images.
What is closure?
A binocular cue which refers to the difference images projected on each retina.
What is retinal disparity?
An abstract idea of a particular category, item, organism, etc.
What is a concept?
Generating multiple ideas or solutions to a problem.
What is divergent thinking?
A type of processing in which you start with an idea of what you're perceiving and organize new stimuli according to that expectation.
What is top-down processing?
What is the cocktail party effect?
A binocular cue which refers to how much our eyes have to turn inward to view an object.
What is convergence?
An ideal example of a concept.
What is a prototype?
Synthesizing multiple options down to the best single solution to a problem.
What is convergent thinking?
A mental framework used to organize and classify information and experiences.
What is a schema?
My inability to notice updates to my environment.
What is change blindness?
According to this binocular cue, if one object partially blocked by another in our visual field, we perceive the partially blocked object as further away than the one blocking it.
What is interposition?
Changing a schema to incorporate new information.
What is accommodation?
Failing to see new uses for familiar objects.
What is functional fixedness?
A set of expectations that influence perception.
What is perceptual set?
The Gestalt Principle which refers to our tendency to perceive items that are near each other as a group.
What is proximity?
In this binocular cue, when parallel lines converge in the distance, we perceive objects that are closer to where they converge as being further away.
What is linear perspective?
Drawing a conclusion based on the most vivid example that comes to mind.
What is the availability heuristic?
Executive functions are handled by this part of the brain.
What are the frontal lobes?
This explains why someone from one country might consider red fingernail polish as classy and someone from another country might be offended by it.
What is cultural context?
Figure; Ground
This refers to the fact that we view sequential blinking lights as motion (like a marquee sign).
What is the phi phenomenon?
Sometimes people stay in bad relationships because they've been together a long time and don't want that time to feel "wasted." This is an example of this fallacy.
What is the sunk-cost fallacy.
Creativity is often defined by this type of thinking.
What is divergent thinking?