Volcanoes
Which type of volcano erupted in the past, not currently erupting, but is in danger of erupting again?
Dormant
Which type of plate boundary has the plates moving towards each other?
Convergent
Name the three main types of rocks.
Igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary
What is a scientist who studies rocks and Earth's forces called?
Geologist
Which type of plate boundary has the plates moving sideways against each other?
Transform
What do we call molten rock that is underneath Earth’s surface?
Magma
What was the name of the last/most recent supercontinent on Earth?
Pangaea
What type of rock do we usually find fossils?
Sedimentary
What weather features create sediment?
Wind and water/rain
Which volcanic eruption was the most disastrous in US history?
Mt. St. Helens
Give two examples of materials that come out of a volcano during an eruption.
Lava, gas, ash, pahoehoe, aa, pyroclastic, pumice
What is the name of the unusually active boundary in the Pacific Ocean?
Ring of Fire
What are the tiny particles called that are examined that make up rocks?
Grains
What needs to be applied to sediment to make a sedimentary rock?
Heat and pressure
Name one piece of evidence that supports the theory of plate tectonics/continental drift?
Puzzle piece fit
Same Fossils on different continents
Bands of environments across different continents
What do we call an area that is unusually hot along a plate boundary? Has created Hawaii and Yellowstone?
Hot Spot
What type of event will happen at a transform plate boundary?
Earthquake, volcano
What is a use for igneous rock?
Native Americans used it for tools, Greeks for statues, housing material like granite countertops
What needs to happen to turn a sedimentary or metamorphic rock into igneous rock?
Melting and cooling
Describe convection currents in the mantle.
As the rock is heated by the core it rises towards the crust. As it cools near the crust it falls down back towards the core. This creates a cycle.
What are the names of the 3 volcanoes in Hawaii?
Kilauea, Diamond Head, and Mauna Loa
What is large wave created by tectonic plate movement in the ocean floor?
Tsunami
What is the difference between conglomerate and breccia?
Conglomerate has large and small rounded grains. Breccia has sharp jagged large and small grains
What is the difference between foliated and nonfoliated rocks?
Foliated - Grains are arranged in parallel layers
Nonfoliated - Mineral grains arranged randomly
Which scientist is given credit for the Theory of Plate Tectonics/Continental drift?
Alfred Wegener