Mandate System
What was the goal of the League of Nations’ “A Mandates”?
To prepare territories for self-rule (B)
What was the purpose of the Sykes-Picot Agreement?
To divide Ottoman lands between Britain and France (C).
Who was Faisal ibn Hussein briefly king of?
Syria and Iraq (B)
What was one outcome of the Arab Revolt?
Allied success and later betrayal of Arab independence.
Which treaty was replaced by the Treaty of Lausanne?
Treaty of Sèvres
Which country did not receive a mandate in the Middle East, but created the League of Nations?
The United States (A)
What did the Balfour Declaration promise?
A Jewish homeland in a region claimed by Arabs (C).
What role did Hussein play in the Arab Revolt?
He led Arab forces against the Ottomans with British support.
How did the Great Syrian Revolt impact nationalism?
It increased Arab nationalist sentiments.
What did the Treaty of Lausanne achieve for Turkey?
It restored sovereignty and rejected harsh WWI terms.
How did the Mandate System contradict self-determination?
It placed territories under foreign rule despite promises of independence.
Why was the Balfour Declaration controversial?
It created tension by conflicting with Arab expectations of independence.
What did Faisal hope to achieve at the postwar peace conferences?
Recognition of Arab independence.
What was the Arab response to British and French mandates?
Widespread opposition and protests.
Why is the Treaty of Lausanne considered a turning point?
It overturned postwar settlements that had weakened Turkey.
What was the primary purpose of the mandates?
Temporary Allied administration until self-rule was possible.
What secret agreement shaped the post-WWI Middle East?
Sykes-Picot Agreement (divided Ottoman lands).
How did Arab leaders feel betrayed after WWI?
They were denied promised independence.
Name one nationalist revolt in the region post-WWI.
The Great Syrian Revolt.
What was the difference between the Treaties of Sèvres and Lausanne?
Sèvres imposed harsh terms; Lausanne recognized Turkish sovereignty.
What did the King-Crane Commission reveal about Arab views on the mandate system? Who enacted the King-Crane Commission?
Arabs largely opposed the mandate system (C). The United States.
What did the Hussein-McMahon Correspondence promise?
Arab independence for helping the British against the Ottomans.
Why is Faisal ibn Hussein a key figure in postwar arrangements?
He tried to unify Arabs and briefly led two nations under British oversight.
Why did Arab nationalism struggle to unite the region?
Foreign-imposed borders and political fragmentation.
How did treaties after WWI shape the Middle East?
They ignored Arab demands and empowered European control.