Infection Control and Safety
What does anaerobic and aerobic mean?
Aerobic - microorganism requiring oxygen to survive
Anaerobic - microorganism not requiring oxygen to survive
What is infection control?
Using precautions to limit and prevent the spread of infection
What does serous drainage look like?
Clear, water drainage, such as the fluid in a blister
What is an Abrasion described as? And an example of how someone may get an abrasion?
Outer layers of skin are rubbed away due to a minor superficial scrape
Ex: rubbing skin against rough surface such as gravel, paper or even carpet
What are the cells that produce melanin called?
Melanocytes
____, ____, ____, and ____ are the four types of pathogens.
Virus, bacteria, fungi, parasites
What is the difference between universal precautions and standard precautions?
Universal - considers EVERY patient potentially infectious for bloodborne pathogens
Standard - procedures to protect yourself from pathogens
What is a closed/simple fracture described as?
A broken bone with the skin still intact
What are the major two differences between arterial and venous bleeding?
Arterial bleeding occurs in the arteries, they transport blood from the heart to the body.
Venous bleeding happens in the veins, which carry blood back to the heart
What is Keratinization?
The process by which cells form fibrils of keratin and harden
____ and ____ need to be completed prior to sterilization.
Sanitization, Disinfection
What are the stages of the infection process?
Invasion, Multiplication, Incubation Period, Prodromal Period, Acute Period, and Recovery Period
What is a comminuted fracture described as?
A broken bone that is broken in at least two places, typically occur in larger or longer bones in the body
What layers of the skin do third- degree burns affect? And what does this burn destroy
They affect all three layers of the skin: Epidermis, dermis, and fat.
Destroys hair follicles and sweat glands.
What is the appropriate time frame for sutures and staples before they are removed?
Sutures: 5-14 days, Staples: 7-10 days
What’s the difference between medical asepsis and surgical asepsis?
Medical - reduces pathogens through sanitization and disinfection
Surgical - eliminates pathogens completely through sterilization
What are the three categories for regulations and guidelines for infectious diseases?
Category 1 - tasks that have a chance of exposure to blood or bodily fluids through spilling or splashing
Category 2 - tasks that don’t involve chance of exposure but precautions must still be taken
Category 3 - tasks that do not require any PPE
What does serosanguineous drainage look like? And what is the sign of this type of drainage?
It means that your body is healing the wound
Thin watery drainage tinted with blood.
What are first-degree burns considered to be? What layer of the skin is affected?
Mild like sunburns
The top layer of the skin (epidermis) turns red and is painful but does not typically blister
What can cause the yellowish pigmentation of the skin called Jaundice?
The buildup of bilirubin in the blood.
What is the order of the chain of infection?
Infectious agent
Reservoir
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
What does a safety data sheet include?
How long does the inflammatory phase last? And what two things form during it?
The inflammatory phase lasts 3 days
Blood clots forms to stop bleeding and plug the opening of wounds
Scabs form to keep out microorganisms
How long does the maturation phase last? And what happens during it
It lasts 21 days- 2 years
The tissue cells strengthen and tighten the wound closure. A scar is formed and eventually fades and things.
What are the integumentary system functions?
Protection, Sensory Receptors, Temp regulations, and Vitamin D.