Topic 2.7: Facilitated Diffusion
The two types of transport proteins.
What is channel proteins and carrier proteins?
Cells must be able to regulate their solute concentration and maintain water balance.
What is osmoregulation?
The transport of molecules that doesn't require energy.
What is passive transport?
Two organelles that compartmentalize.
What are mitochondria and chloroplasts?
The theory that suggests that prokaryotic cells were engulfed to form eukaryotic cells.
What is the endosymbiotic theory?
Type of transport is facilitated diffusion.
What is passive transport?
Cell has a higher concentration of water and lose water to their extracellular surroundings when places in high solute concentrations. The cell shrivels and dies.
What is hypertonic?
The transport of molecules that requires energy because it moves a solute across the concentration gradient.
What is active transport?
Compartmentalization allows the cell to excrete waste and ingest nutrients easier.
What is an increase of surface area:volume ratio.
Two pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory.
What are the eukaryote's double membrane, ribosomes, circular DNA, and capability of cell to function on its own?
What is an aquaporin?
What is hypotonic?
Occurs when the concentration of molecules is higher on one side of the membrane than the other.
What is a concentration gradient?
Optimizes the exchange of materials through the plasma membrane and the overall efficiency of the cell.
What is a higher SA:V ratio.
Cell that lives within another cells.
What is an endosymbiont?
A concentration gradient that deals with charged particles.
What is a chemical gradient?
When vacuoles shrink and the plasma membrane is pulled away from the cell.
What is plasmolysis?
Four examples of active transport.
What are electrogenic pumps, cotransporters, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
The location of prokaryotic cell's compartmentalization.
What is the cytoplasm?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts can be found as free-living prokaryotes.
What is false?
What are osmosis and facilitated diffusion?
The pressure inside the cell rises and internal pressure is so high so that no water can enter the cell.
What is turgid?
The three types of endocytosis.
What are pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis?
Separates the cell into different parts and allows for the creation of specific microenvironment within the cell.
What is the purpose of compartmentalization within the cell.
Two more pieces of evidence that support the endosymbiotic theory.
What are the eukaryote's double membrane, ribosomes, circular DNA, and capability of cell to function on its own?