Road to Revolution
This treaty led to Britain acquired French Canada and Spanish Florida, and France ceded Louisiana territory to and claims west of the Mississippi River as compensation for Spain’s loss of Florida.
Peace of Paris (Sometimes known as Treaty of Paris- Ending of French/Indian War)
This person was the first president under the Constitution.
George Washington
The Federalists supported this document.
Constitution
This term showcases the prevention of a branch from dominating the others
Checks and Balances
Washington signed ___________ in which Britain promised to evacuate its remaining forts on the western frontier but did not address impressment→ maintained policy of neutrality
Jay's Treaty
Explain the difference between the Stamp Act and the Sugar Act.
1764 - Sugar Act taxes sugar and molasses (indirect)
Stamp Act 1765 - all documents, newspapers, pamphlets, and books are taxed (direct tax)
Due to Native American conflicts, the crown prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains through what document?
Proclamation of 1763
Under this document, the national government could not tax thus it lacked the ability to gain funds to pay off their debt
Articles of Confederation
This term established a plan for surveying and selling western land. It set aside land for public education
Land Ordinance of 1785
Which main historical figure supported each party?
Democratic-Republicans- Jefferson
Federalists: Hamilton
This document was sent to the crown as one last chance for peace prior to the Declaration of Independence.
Olive Branch Petition
Define the Declaratory Act.
Asserted Parliament DID have the right to tax the colonies
The antifederalists would not sign the Constitution without signing ____________________. List the first two items in this document.
Bill of Rights
First Amendment: freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of assembly
Second Amendment: the right of the people to keep and bear arms
This event showcased the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation due to the threat of individual liberties where farmers rose up in protest due to a rise in taxes.
Shay's Rebellion
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
Hamilton pushed through an excise tax—a tax on a product’s manufacture, sale, or distribution—to be levied on the manufacture of whiskey.
Whiskey was the main source of cash for these frontier farmers, Hamilton knew that the excise tax would make them furious. And it did. In 1794, farmers in western Pennsylvania refused to pay the tax. They beat up federal marshals in Pittsburgh, and they even threatened to secede from the Union
Organized to fight the new tax: protest, boycott, & violence.
When the French Revolution developed between France and Britain. Washington did what?
Signed the Proclamation of Neutrality which the U.S. would remain neutral in the conflict. Not ready to fight larger nations.
This term allowed the Supreme Court the final authority on the constitutionality of legislation.
This term outlined the powers of the Supreme Court & created a system of district and appellate courts
Judicial Review and Judiciary Act of 1789
Define Electoral College
a body of electors chosen by the states to elect the president and vice president; the number of each state’s electors equals the number of its senators and representatives in Congress
This ______________ would be funded by both the federal government and wealthy private investors. It would issue paper money and handle tax receipts and other government funds
National Bank of the United States
Define the Intolerable Acts.
Spring of 1774, Parliament passed the Coercive Acts, which were aimed solely at Boston and envisioned as punishment for its radical opposition to British policies. The Coercive Acts, which quickly became known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts, consisted of four separate legislative measures:
The Boston Port Bill fined Boston for the tea destroyed in the Boston Tea Party and closed the harbor until the fines were paid.
The Government Bill rewrote the Massachusetts colony’s charter granting broadly expanded powers to the royal governor.
The Administration of Justice Act authorized the governor to send indicted government officials to other colonies or to London for trial.
The Quartering Act, which applied to all of the North American colonies, was designed to provide shelter for the British troops, allowing them to be housed in private buildings
Define the 3/5s Compromise.
Explain who wanted this Compromise put into place and why?
Established that each enslaved person would count for three fifths of a person to be counted towards the state’s population
A clause was add that guaranteed that the slave trade could continue for a 20 year
Explain the difference between the Virginia and New Jersey Plan.
Virginia:
Proposed a two house (bicameral) legislature: Membership in both houses would be based on proportional representation
New Jersey:
Called for unicameral legislature (one house congress) → preserved an equal voice and one vote for every state
This term divided the power between national and state governments.
What were the powers granted to the national governments? Provide an example.
What were the powers granted to the state governments? Provide an example.
Federalism
Powers granted to the national government are known as delegated powers
Control of foreign affairs, providing national defense, regulated trade between the states & coined money
Powers kept by the states are called reserved powers
Supervising education, establishing marriage laws, and regulate trade within a state
Define the Alien and Sedition Act
Naturalization Act: 5 to 14 years required for immigrants to qualify for citizenship
Alien Acts: authorized the president to depart aliens considered dangerous and to detain enemies of war
Sedition Act: made it illegal for newspaper editors to criticize either the president or Congress