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What was the "Great Migration"?
Between the 1910s and 1970s, African Americans moved to the North and West to escape the violence and oppression of the Jim Crow South
How did the Jim Crow era end?
The era began to end with the Brown v. Board of Education (1954).
What was the The 10% Plan?
Southern states would be readmitted if 10% of each state swore allegiance to the Union.
What was UNIA’s objective?
UNIA’s objective to achieve Black liberation from colonialism across the African diaspora.
The symbol of “the Veil” in The Souls of Black Folk represents?
The symbol of “the Veil” in The Souls of Black Folk represents African Americans’ separation from full participation in American society and struggle for self-improvement due to discrimination.
What were commonly used terms back then?
"Separate but Equal"
Segregation
Lynching
What was the legal basis for these laws?
The Supreme Court upheld these laws in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), establishing the "separate but equal" doctrine.
Why did African Americans establish a tradition of family reunions?
African Americans established a tradition of family reunions, an outgrowth of their post-emancipation search to connect with long-lost relatives and friends
Where was UNIA founded
It was founded in Jamaica in 1914, it moved its headquarters to Harlem, New York, in 1916.
Who wrote "We Wear the Mask"?
Paul Laurence Dunbar
What made the Great Migration possible?
A new railway system and the Black press made the Great Migration possible.
What were common examples of Jim Crow laws?
The laws forced separation in schools, public transportation, parks, restaurants, restrooms, and drinking fountains.
What does 40 Acres and a Mule” mean?
In 1865, Union General William T. Sherman issued Special Field Orders No. 15, which aimed to redistribute about 400,000 acres of confiscated land between South Carolina and Florida to newly freed African-American families in segments of 40 acres.
Who had founded the UNIA?
It was founded by Marcus Garvey.
Double-consciousness is?
Double-consciousness” refers to the internal conflicts experienced by subordinated groups in an oppressive society.
Labor shortages in the North during World War I and World War II increased what?
Labor shortages in the North during World War I and World War II increased job opportunities in northern industrial cities, appealing to African Americans in search of economic opportunities.
How did these laws affect voting rights?
The southern states used literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses to prevent black people from voting.
What are Black Codes?
Black Codes aimed to restore the
social controls and surveillance of
earlier slave codes.
Who did Garvey had a strong appeal to ?
"Garvey had a strong appeal to poor Blacks in urban ghettos,..."
Who coined the term “Double-consciousness”?
It was W.E.B. Du Bois in his 1903 book The Souls of Black Folk.
What prompted many Blacks to leave the Jim Crow South?
The dangers of unmitigated lynching and racial violence prompted many Blacks to leave the Jim Crow South.
Adoptions were considered ______________ if the parents were of a different race than the child.
Interracial
What is the Freedmen’s Bureau?
Government agency established by Lincoln in 1865 to aid freedmen in the South
When was Garvey’s leadership over?
"Garvey’s leadership was cut short in 1923 when he was indicted and convicted of fraud in his handling of funds raised to establish a Black steamship line."