PEOPLE
James 1
What is wants to work alone so he can have all power & made divine right. Younger bro Charles came after him
The plauge
retured under Charles 2 rule
English bill of rights
protects power of parlement & England is now a constututianly monarchy
Interregnum
Period between two Kings/rulers
John Locke
Four things men must do to not harm each other - Life, Liberty, property. When the law of nature is broken, they have the right to punish the offender
William & Mary
Joint monarchs & had to sign the bill of rights. Fake invated England and James 2 didn't fight back
Reward for following Charles 1
land in new world
Personal rule under Charles 1
Reason vs. Religion
Reason - what & how
Religion - why
James II of England
He was catholic but his duatgers were protestent and the had a Catholic son. The people got worried about the Catholic so bc the people of England like protestant.
Charles 1
Beheaded bc charged of treason. raised taxes. Didn't call parlement for 11years. king during English civil war.
The Restoration
The period when Charles II was invited to return as king after the monarchy was restored.
State of Nature
They way humans act when there's no government, accountability, morals, or religion
Divine Right
The political and religious idea that a monarch gets their authority to rule directly from God, rather than from the people or any parliament.
Charles II of England
Came after Interregnum period. Gave land to royalists. Gave throne to his brother James II. wanted Scottish people to be anglacain
Oliver Cromwell
A Puritan leader who signed Charles I's death warrant and led England as Lord protecter during the Interregnum (inbetween kings).
Royalists/Cavaliers & Parliamentarians/Roundheads
Royalists/Cavaliers: Believed in divine right, and supported by the Noble’s gentry and the Catholics. Wanted the king to have authority over parliament
Parliamentarians/Roundheads: Believed in parliament and were supported by the puritans. They behead Charles I
The Enlightenment
Society moved away from religious explanations and sought out scientific ones
The age of reason
The Versailles
86 Historical figures spanning court members, royals, artists, military leaders, politicians, and sovereigns.
Louis XIV/The Sun King (France)
Absolutist, he held all the power; he built Versailles. Since he became king so young, his mom was his regent. Under his reign, people were putting sawdust in their bread because they were so poor. Revoked the Edict of Nantes - no killing protestants, worship separately, religious tolerance
Thomas Hobbes
Believed in “kill or be killed”, and we need a government to protect us
Glorious Revolution
William and Mary were invited by parliament to invade England and take James II’s spot as rulers.
Rump parliament
small parliament (53 members) after Charles is executed
The Fronde
A series of civil wars in France from 1648 to 1653, fought during the minority of King Louis XIV.
Puritans
Tried to purify the church