Unit 3 Outcome 1
Explain what is meant by health and wellbeing is subjective.
Means something different for each individual.
Identify the two principles of the social model.
- Addresses the broader factors of health
- Reduces social inequities
- Empowers individuals and the community
- Accessbility to healthcare
- Intersectoral collaboration
Identify one economic and one environmental characteristic of low-income countries.
Economic: less likely to have global trade arrangments or well developed industries, more likely to have higher levels of poverty or a lower gross national income.
Environmental: less likely to have access to adequate housing or safe water and sanitation, more likely to experience the impacts of climate change.
Identify the name of SDG 2.
Zero Hunger
Identify the four components of Australia's health system.
Identify two sociocultural factors that lead to variations in health status and burden of disease between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians.
- Unemployment
- Lower socioeconomic status
- Social exclusion
- Negative early life experiences
Outline one way that the biomedical model of health can address rates of cardiovascular disease in Australia.
Biomedical model: blood pressure medication is used to treat high blood pressure and reduce rates of CVD.
Identify the three dimensions and four indicators of the human development index.
Dimensions: health, knowledge and a decent standard of living.
Indicators: gross national income per capita, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling and life expectancy.
Outline the purpose and characteristics of multilateral aid.
Purpose: to conduct large scale programs that reach large populations.
Characteristics: multiple countries contribute aid to a large organisation who then distribute the aid.
Identify the four criteria used to evaluate international aid programs.
Partnerships, ownership, focus on results and transparency and accountability.
Outline how physical health and wellbeing can be a national resource.
Means people all over the country are free from disease and infirmity, which means they can go to work, increasing workplace productivity. This increases company revenue resulting in higher taxes being paid to the government and an increase in the countries gross national income (GNI).
Identify a smoking health promotion program and outline how it reflects two action areas of the Ottawa Charter.
QUIT:
Creates supportive environments: Quitline provides coaching and tips on how to quit smoking.
Develop personal skills: television advertisements explaining the long term consequences of smoking.
list 2 characteristics of a high income country
low levels of poverty
good access to education
Good access to clean water and sanitation
Low birthrates
Identify two priorities of Australia's aid program
Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness: donate money to Indonesia to build sea ports to increase their ability to trade globally.
Education and health: donate resources and send builders to Laos where they can build education facilities to increase the number of children who can attend school.
Identify three criteria that are used to evaluate the effectiveness of Indigenous health programs in Australia.
- Reflects the action areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
- Brings about improvements to Indigenous health and wellbeing
- Meets the specific needs of the community
Identify four dietary risks and outline how one can impact on health status in Australia.
- Underconsumption of vegetables, fruit or dairy
- High intake of salt, fat or sugar
- Low intake of fibre or iron
High salt intake means excess fluid is being drawn from the cells which can increase blood volume and lead to hypertension, increasing morbidity rates in Australia.
Identify one Australian Dietary Guideline
1. To achieve and maintain a healthy weight, be physically active and choose amounts of nutritious food and drinks to meet your energy needs.
2. Enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods from the following five groups every day and drink plenty of water.
3. Limit intake of saturated fat, added salt, added sugar and alcohol.
4. Encourage, support and promote breastfeeding.
5. Care for your food; prepare and store it safely.
-changing weather patterns
-more extreme weather events
-rising sea levels
Name 2 features of SDG 3
-reduction in non communicable and communicable diseases
-reduction in infant and maternal morality
Outline three ways in which Nutrition Australia promotes healthy eating.
Healthy Eating Advisory Service.
Coordination of the events in the annual National Nutrition Week campaign.
Education resources. Nutrition Australia produces a wide range of publications and resources, including nutrition books, portion bowls and plates, booklets, posters, fact sheets, leaflets and webinars. These publications cover topics such as healthy living and weight loss.
Nutrition seminars and workshops.
Food industry consultancies
Webinars developed for health professionals
Publication of recipes
Development of the Healthy Eating Pyramid
Explain 2 differences in health status between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people
Indigenous people have high mortality due to stroke than non Indigenous people
Indigenous have lower life expectancy than non-Indigenous people
Identify the 5 actions areas of the Ottawa Charter
The five action areas of the Ottawa Charter are:
List the 3 different types of sustainability
environmental
economic
social
Identify and describe one priority of the World Health Organisation and outline one way they could work to achieve it.
Achieving universal health coverage means that everyone everywhere has access to the health services they require regardless of their living location or ability to pay. This can be achieved by providing technical support and building sustainable health systems by sending in government officials to show the government how to allocate money from the budget to implement a universal health insurance scheme.
Describe the implementation of a multilateral program (UNICEF) that could be implemented to target malaria in Sudan (three actions required).
Australia could give money to UNICEF to implement a program in Africa whereby:
1. They donate mosquito nets for people to use at night to prevent being bitten by a mosquito.
2. They send healthcare workers to work with local nurses showing them how to administer antimalarial medication
3. They work with the government showing them how to allocate money from the budget to providing free antimalarial medication to all children and pregnant women.