Solutions
A measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a certain amount of solvent.
Concentration
A substance that increases the reaction rate without being changed.
Catalyst
What ions are produced in acids? What is their charge?
Hydrogen ions, H+
What ions are produced in bases? What is their charge?
Balance the following equation:
NaCl + F2 --> NaF + Cl2
The amount of salt in water.
Salinity
What numbers represent coefficients in the following equation: S8 + 12O2 --> 8SO3?
12 and 8
Why are H+ ions "floating protons"?
They do not have an electron.
Why are bases proton acceptors?
They are negatively charged, meaning they attract positively charged ions (floating protons).
Biological inhibitors such as saliva are _________.
Catalysts
When a solute is added to a solvent, the freezing point goes up or down?
Down
A reaction that occurs when a substance reacts with O2 and produces CO2 and H2O.
Combustion
The moment when the concentration of hydrogen ions equals the concentration of hydroxide ions.
Equivalence Point
What groups of metals on the periodic table usually form strong bases?
IA and IIA
A method by which a solution of known concentration is used to determine the unknown concentration of a second solution
This is a solution that contains more than the normal amount of solute that it should be able to contain.
Supersaturated
2Mg(s) + O2(g) --> 2MgO(s) is an example of what type of reaction?
Synthesis
What acid is found within our bodies as stomach acid?
Hydrochloric
What causes a base to be strong, versus weak.
Henry's Law states that as pressure increases, solubility ________.
Increases
This is the desalination process in which water is pushed through a membrane, trapping salt ions so only pure water goes through.
Reverse Osmosis
K(s) + MgBr(aq) --> KBr(aq) + Mg(s) is an example of what type of reaction?
Single Replacement
Name a strong acid we discussed in class.
Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, or hydrochloric acid.
This is another word for a base.
Alkaline
Which solution has a greater concentration of solute: 350mL of water with 70 mL of apple juice or 450mL of water with 80mL of apple juice? How much greater?
350 mL solution – 20% concentration