Development 1
Development 2
Learning/Development
Learning 1
Learning 2
100
When does imprinting occur?
Imprinting occurs with the first moving object seen after birth, regardless of species.
100
What is the theory that explains how people learn new behaviors by observing and imitating others.
Social Learning Theory
100
What is the term when a person responds to a stimulus that is similar to an original stimulus
Generalization
100
What is a disciplinary technique that involves adding an undesirable consequence to a behavior in order to make it less appealing
Positive Punishment
100
Gambling, particularly slot machines are an example of what?
Variable ratio.
200
What stage do children learn to use symbols and engage in pretend play. They also begin to develop language and abstract thought.
Preoperational Stage
200
What is the stage in an infant's early language development where they produce repetitive consonant-vowel sounds like "ba" or "da", essentially experimenting with vocalizations and practicing the sounds of their native language, marking a crucial step towards speaking actual words
The babbling stage.
200
What is an automatic, involuntary reaction to a stimulus that occurs without prior learning
Unconditioned response
200
A rat receives a food pellet after pressing a bar five times is an example of?
Fixed Ratio.
200
What is the process of subconsciously learning and retaining information without any obvious reinforcement
Latent Learning
300
This is a stage of language development in which children use short phrases to communicate
Telegraphic Speech
300
What is the stage of psychosocial development in which children learn to take charge and make choices, while also learning to deal with mistakes
Initiative vs. Guilt
300
What is the name of the neutral stimulus that is paired with an unconditioned stimulus to evoke a response?
Conditioned response
300
What is a social learning process where people learn new skills and knowledge by watching and imitating others.
Observational learning
300
What is a mental representation of a person's spatial environment and the relationships between its parts?
Cognitive Map
400
What is this reflex called?
Moro-Reflex
400
What is the name of the stage of psychosocial development in which people either contribute to society or feel stuck and unproductive
Generativity vs. Stagnation
400
According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model, what is the most immediate and direct environment surrounding an individual, including the people and relationships they interact with regularly, like family, friends, school, or workplace?
Microsystem
400
When a dog, who has been conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell (paired with food), stops salivating when the bell is rung after the food is no longer presented (extinction), but then suddenly starts salivating again to the bell sound after a period of time without exposure to the bell is an example of?
Spontaneous Recovery
400
Every time a parent gives their child candy, they ring a small bell at the same time. At first, the bell is just a sound with no special meaning to the child. However, after many repetitions, the child starts to associate the bell sound with the excitement of getting candy. Eventually, even when the parent rings the bell without offering candy, the child feels happy and excited, just as they would if they had actually received the treat. What is the UCS and UCR?
UCS =Candy, UCR = Happy
500
What is the technique in where a teacher gradually removes guidance and support as students learn and become more competent.
Scaffolding
500
Name and describe the four parenting style.
Authoritarian -A firm style that leaves little room for negotiation. Can be used when safety is a concern
Permissive - A style where parents let their children do what they want, with limited guidance. Parents may be more like friends than parents. Parents may prioritize their child's happiness over structure
Uninvolved - A style where parents give their children a lot of freedom and stay out of their way. Parents may be indifferent to their children's needs. This style can be harmful and lead to negative consequences for children.
Authoritative - A style that some believe is the most beneficial. Parents consider their children's wants and needs, and provide emotional support.
500
According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model, what is the external environments that indirectly influence a person's development, even though they are not directly involved in those settings?
Exosystem
500
Every time a parent gives their child candy, they ring a small bell at the same time. At first, the bell is just a sound with no special meaning to the child. However, after many repetitions, the child starts to associate the bell sound with the excitement of getting candy. Eventually, even when the parent rings the bell without offering candy, the child feels happy and excited, just as they would if they had actually received the treat. What is the NS and CS?
NS/CS = Bell Sound
500
A teacher wants to encourage students to turn in their homework on time. Every time a student submits their homework on the due date, they receive a small sticker as a reward. Over time, more students begin turning in their homework on time. What type of operant conditioning is being used in this scenario, and why does it work?
Positive Reinforcement, This works because the students associate completing their homework on time with receiving a reward, which increases the likelihood that they will repeat the behavior in the future.