Structure that transmits the signal or action potential of a neuron.
What is the Axon?
100
An impulse or brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron.
What is an action potential?
100
Major (but not only) pathway between sides of the brain. It connects comparable structures on each side and permits data received on one side to be processed in both hemispheres.
What is the corpus callosum?
100
Its primary function is the processing, integration, interpretation, etc. of VISION and visual stimuli.
What is the Occipital Lobe?
100
Neurotransmitter involved in reward and feelings of pleasure, as well as motor functions. Low levels lead to Parkinson's disease.
What is dopamine?
200
Structure that is very similar to insulation that speeds up the action potential.
What is the myelin sheath?
200
When the neuron is at rest and there is a negative charge on the inside of the neuron compared to the outside.
What is the resting potential?
200
Coordination of fine muscular movements, balance, and some aspects of perception and cognition.
What is functions of the cerebellum?
200
It plays an integral role in the following functions/actions: Memory Formation, Emotions, Decision Making/Reasoning and Personality
What is the Frontal Lobe?
200
Neurotransmitter thats relieves pain and are the body's natural form of morphine.
What are endorphins?
300
Sacs in terminal button that release chemicals into the synapse.
What are vesicles?
300
The level of stimulation (electrical voltage) needed to trigger an action potential.
What is the threshold?
300
Interconnected group of structures involved with emotions, drives, and memory. It is located tucked under the cortex.
What is the the limbic system?
300
Plays a major role in the following functions/actions: Senses and integrates sensation(s) and spatial awareness and perception.
What is the Parietal Lobe?
300
Neurotransmitter that helps maintain a "happy" emotion and helps with depression and anxiety.
What is serotonin?
400
The junction between the axon terminal of the presynaptic neuron and the dendrite of the postsynaptic neuron.
What is the synapse or synaptic cleft/gap?
400
A period of inactivity after a neuron has "fired."
What is the refractory period?
400
This is involved in memory and emotion, especially fear and anger. Part of the limbic system.
What is the amygdala
400
Railroad foreman who was involved in a tamping iron accident that resulted in a hole in his skull that left most brain functions intact except for a change in his personality.
Who is Phineas Gage?
400
Neurotransmitter that affects attention and REM sleep; too little will lead to muscle weakness and paralysis.
What is acetylcholine (ACh)?
500
Type of neuron located between sensory and motor neurons. Most numerous type of neuron. Function: transmit signals from one part of the body to another.
What are interneurons?
500
A neuron's reaction of either firing with full strength or not firing at all.
What is the all-or-none response?
500
The brain’s sensory switchboard -- directs messages to the sensory receptors in the brain
What is the thalamus.
500
Areas of the cortex that are not involved in primary motor or sensory but are rather involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking, and speaking.
What are the association areas?
500
Neurotransmitter that helps induce relaxation and sleep.