Terminology
This term describes the variety of living organisms in a particular area.
Biodiversity
An ecologist uses quadrats to estimate the abundance of a grass species. To improve the reliability of the estimate, they should do more of this.
increase the number of quadrats
What is Miss Griffiths' favourite colour?
Blue
This system uses Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species to organise life.
The Linnaean Classification System
Organisms that convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.
Producers
These are the non-living components of an ecosystem, such as temperature and rainfall.
Abiotic Factors
Two ecosystems have the same number of species, but Ecosystem A has a much more even distribution of individuals among those species. Ecosystem A would have a higher value for this measure.
SDI
How many chairs are there in P202?
28 Chairs (including the teacher chair)
The presence of forests, grasslands, wetlands, and mangroves within the same region is an example of this type of biodiversity.
ecosystem diversity
This process returns carbon from living organisms to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
Cellular respiration
Two species of barnacles occupy the same rocky shore and compete for identical space and food resources. Over time, one species disappears from the area. This ecological principle best explains the outcome.
Competitive exculsion principle
An ecosystem contains 15 species, but 90% of individuals belong to a single species. This component of biodiversity is relatively low despite the high species richness.
Species eveness
What is the only mammal capable of true sustained flight?
a bat
Two species are introduced into a newly disturbed habitat. Species A produces 500 offspring per year with little parental care, while Species B produces 5 offspring per year with extensive parental care. In the first few years after the disturbance, Species A becomes dominant. This is because Species A exhibits this life-history strategy.
Following a bushfire, grasses begin growing in an area where soil remains intact. This type of succession is occurring.
Secondary succession
This type of species interaction occurs when both organisms benefit, such as bees pollinating flowering plants.
Mutualism
An ecologist wants to estimate the population size of lizards in a woodland ecosystem. This sampling technique would be most appropriate.
Capture-mark-recapture
In what year did dinosaurs go extinct, according to Olivia?
1912
A rabbit population is introduced to an island with abundant resources and few predators. The population grows rapidly at first, then slows as it approaches the environment's carrying capacity. This pattern of population growth is called:
logistical growth (s-curve)
The maximum population size that an environment can sustainably support.
carrying capacity
A species whose impact on ecosystem functioning is disproportionately large relative to its abundance.
a keystone species
A researcher places quadrats randomly throughout a forest and finds a large variation in species abundance between quadrats. This suggests the species are distributed in this way.
clumped distribution
This Australian bird is famous for its ability to mimic chainsaws, camera shutters, and other sounds.
lyrebird
Ecologists observe that mangrove trees are abundant near the coast but absent further inland, despite suitable soil and sunlight. The distribution of mangroves is most likely determined by this abiotic factor.
Salinity (abiotic factor)
Only about 10% of energy is transferred between trophic levels. If producers contain 50,000 kJ of energy, this trophic level would receive approximately 5,000 kJ.
Primary consumer level/ herbivores/ second trophic level