Carbon Cycle
What is the primary biological process that removes CO2 from the atmosphere?
This group of living things makes its own food using sunlight.
Autotroph
Located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, this multi-protein complex uses electrons to pump protons into the intermembrane space.
Electron transport chain
How do living organisms (both plants and animals) release carbon back into the atmosphere as a gas?
Cellular Respiration
This group of living things must eat other organisms for energy.
Heterotroph
In which organelle does cellular respiration take place?
Mitochondria
The liquid part of the chloroplast where the light independent reaction occurs is called the...?
Stroma
This 10-step anaerobic pathway breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.
Glycolysis
What role do decomposers (like fungi and bacteria) play in the carbon cycle?
They break down dead organic matter and waste. This process releases stored carbon back into the soil as nutrients and into the atmosphere as CO2 or methane (CH4)
This green pigment in plants traps light energy for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll
Name the reactants and products of cellular respiration
Reactants: Oxygen and Glucose
Products: Carbon Dioxide, Water and 36 ATP
The products of photosynthesis are the...
a. Products of cellular respiration.
b. Products of glycolysis.
c. Reactants of cellular respiration.
d. Reactants of fermentation.
c. Reactants of cellular respiration.
This gas is taken in by plants from the air to build sugars during the Calvin cycle.
CO2
How does the burning of fossil fuels (combustion) disrupt the natural carbon cycle?
It rapidly releases carbon that was safely trapped deep underground for millions of years (a long-term geological sink) into the atmosphere, causing an imbalance.
This molecule acts as the main energy currency for all cells.
ATP
Cellular Respiration has three steps: glycolysis, electron transport chain and the Kreb's cycle. Place these three steps in the correct order they occur.
Glycolysis -> Krebs Cycle -> Electron Transport
Name the reactants and products of PS
Reactants: Carbon dioxide, Water and Sunlight
Products: Oxygen and Glucose
This cellular respiration stage produces the most ATP molecules.
Electron transport chain
What is a "carbon sink" and what are the earth's two largest carbon sinks?
A carbon sink is any reservoir that absorbs more carbon than it releases. The oceans and forests/soil are the primary sinks.
This process allows deep-sea bacteria to make food using chemical energy instead of sunlight.
Chemosynthesis