Cell Theory
How did microscopes help scientists discover cells?
Microscopes let scientists see cells.
What type of transport moves particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without using energy?
Passive Transport
What is one major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus; eukaryotic cells have one.
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane bound organelles; eukaryotic cells do membrane bound organelles have one.
Which organelle produces most of the energy a cell uses?
Mitochondria
Powerhouse
What 3 elements are found in most biological macromolecules?
C.H.O
What role do cells play in a multicellular organism?
Cells are the basic units of living things.
What is the name of the process in which water moves across a selectively permeable membrane?
Osmosis
: A scientist observes a cell that has DNA but no nucleus. Is it prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Which cell structure controls what enters and leaves the cell to help maintain homeostasis? (Hint mainly made out of lipids)
Cell Membrane
Which macromolecule is made of amino acids, and what elements does it typically contain?
Protein , CHON
How does growing cells in a lab support cell theory?
PASS/Fail
How is facilitated diffusion different from simple diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion requires a membrane protein. Diffusion does not require one.
What cell structures would you expect to find in a eukaryotic cell but not in a prokaryotic cell?
A nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Plant cells contain chloroplasts, while animal cells do not. What is the main function of chloroplasts?
Water is called a universal solvent. How does water's polarity help it dissolve many substances?
Water is polar, so its partial positive and negative ends attract and surround ions and other polar molecules.
What does a cell dividing into two cells demonstrate?
New cells come from existing cells.
What is one key difference between simple diffusion and active transport?
Simple diffusion does not require energy and moves substances down the concentration gradient; active transport requires energy to move substances against the gradient.
A student observes a cell with a nucleus, chloroplast, and a cell wall. What type of cell is it, and what evidence supports the answer?
Plant cell
Why do plant cells usually have one large central vacuole, while animal cells typically have smaller vacuoles?
The large central vacuole stores water and helps maintain pressure in plant cells; animal cells typically have smaller vacuoles. Because we are able to find our own food.
Which microscope uses electron beam to see the outside of the cell.
Scanning Electron Microscope
Name all 3 parts of the cell theory
Cells is the basic unit of life
Cells come from pre-existing cells
A cell contains 0.6% sodium, while the surrounding fluid contains 0.2% sodium. Which process would allow the cell to move more sodium inside against its concentration gradient?
Active Transport
A scientist observes a cell containing DNA, ribosomes, and a cell membrane, but no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Which type of cell is it, and how does its structure support your answer?
Prokaryote
What type of transport uses atp to bring things from the outside environment into then the inside kind of like eating and drinking
Endocytosis
Name the elements of a Nucleotide
CHONP