3.1-3.3 Enzymes
what is enzyme
a protein that speed up chemical reaction
Are living cells at equilibrium?
No
What molecule is produced when oxygen accepts electrons at the end of the ETC?
Carbon Dioxide
Water
ATP
Glucose
Correct Answer: 2) Water
Which is not an example of variation?
Birds with different beak sizes on different islands.
Birds with different wing length depending on their altitude,
Birds with different sharpness on their talons, based on their diet.
Birds on the same island eating the same food all across the islands.
4, it is literally the only one that has no variations.
How does fitness relate to evolution?
Fitness relates to evolution because it relates to natural selection which directly impacts evolution. As fitter organisms survive and reproduce, they will evolve over time to their changing enviroments.
best describes why enzymes are specific for their substrates?
The shape and change of the substrate must be compatible with the active site of the enzyme
___ is the main input of energy for most living organisms.
Sunlight
What molecule combines with Acetyl-CoA to start the Krebs Cycle?
Pyruvate
Oxygen
Oxaloacetate
Glucose
Correct answer: C) Oxaloacetate
Fitness is the ability of an organism to ___ and ___.
Survive and Reproduce
Which Big Idea is this? "The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life".
Evolution
what is pH and how does it affect the enzyme?
pH is the a way to measure if a substance is acidic or basic it affects enzymes by going over the range is can result to stop or stop enzyme activity
How does the proton gradient contribute to ATP synthase?
As the H+ ions go back into the stroma it goes through ATP synthase which groups phosphates to ADP and turns it into ATP.
Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosome
Correct answer: 2) Cytoplasm
What happens when there is less diversity in a group of organisms?
It allows for more competition between organisms.
It allows organisms to become less susceptible to environmental factors.
There is no change to the organism.
The organism becomes more susceptible to environmental factors.
4) The organism becomes more susceptible to environmental factors. - One example of this is the Gros Michel Banana or the Big Mike. Most of this species was wiped out due to a fungal disease. This is because all the bananas had no variety in their genes.
Which Big Idea is this? "Living systems store, retrieve, transmit, and respond to information essential to life processes".
Information Storage and Transmission
what is allosteric site and which one binds to it? noncompetitve inhibitors or competitve inhibitors
is a site that allows molecules to either activate or inhibit (or turn off) enzyme activity. noncompetitve inhibitors because they don't bind to the active site
What are the functions of ADP and NADP+ in the Calvin Cycle?
ADP fuels the process of the Calvin Cycle, giving energy ; NADP+ gives up its electrons to supply the reducing power
Which molecule is the final product of glycolysis?
Correct answer: C: pyruvate
On the Forest Floor of a jungle, red light is limited. Plant A has only chlorophyll A, while Plant B has chlorophyll A and B. Which of the following best predicts the fitness of these two plants?
Both plants A and B are equally fit in the environment.
Plant A is more fit than Plant B in the environment.
Plant B is more fit than plant A in the environment.
None of the plants fit in the environment.
3- Plant B is more fit than plant A in the environment. - This is because Plant B has more chlorophylls, which allows it to absorb more variety of light wavelengths.
Which Big Idea is this? "Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions exhibit complex properties."
Systems Interactions
which one is a enzyme?
1. Gastrin
2. sucrose
3. sucrase
3 because sucrase is an enzyme that digests sucrose
Also enzyme names after end with -ase
How does H2O (water) play a role in the light dependent reactions?
-Photolysis-
In the PSII (photosystem II) the water molecule splits into O2 (which becomes released as a byproduct), H+ ions (contributes to the proton gradient), and electrons (replenishes the PSII photosystem so it can absorb light again)
Which electron carriers are produced during the Krebs Cycle?
ATP and FADH2
NADH and FADH2
NADH and ATP
Correct answer: 2) NADH and FADH2
Environmental Pressure are factors that affect the organism’s survivability and evolution. Some of these factors include ___, ___, ___, and ___.
Availability of food(or food), presence of predators(or just predators), climate changes(or just climate), and disease outbreaks(or disease/outbreaks).
Which Big Idea is this? "Biological systems use energy and molecular building blocks to grow, reproduce, and maintain dynamic homeostasis."
Energetics