Enzymes
Cellular Energy/Enzymes
Photosynthesis I Light Dependent Rxn
Photosynthesis II Light Independent Rxn
Cellular Respiration I
Cellular Respiration II
100
Enzymes end in what three letters?
-ase
100
How does adenosine triphosphate (ATP) become adenosine diphosphate (ADP)?
ATP releases energy as a phosphate bond is broken.
100
Which best lists the end products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
ATP, NADPH, and O2
100
Why is the Calvin cycle considered a dark reaction?
a. It occurs only at night.
b. It requires an absence of light.
c. It turns the plant dark green.
d. It can proceed in the dark.
d. It can proceed in the dark.
100
List the three stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration in order.
Stage 1 - Glycolysis
Stage 2 - Kreb's Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle
Stage 3 - Electron Transport Chain
100
What is the main difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to proceed, but anaerobic respiration does not.
200
Define active site
The place where the substrate binds
200
What are the components of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
Ribose
Adenine
Phosphates (3)
200
Which events take place in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
a. Light energy is converted to sugars; sugars are broken down for energy.
b. Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is used to make sugar.
c. Light energy is converted to chemical energy; chemical energy is used to make sugar.
d. Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is converted to chemical energy.
d. Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is converted to chemical energy.
200
Which compound is produced during carbon fixation?
PGA
200
During which stage of cellular respiration is glucose broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid?
a. electron transport chain
b. glycolysis
c. Krebs cycle
d. acetyl CoA formation
b. glycolysis
200
What do aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration have in common?
a. Both begin with glycolysis.
b. Both occur in mitochondria.
c. Both require oxygen to proceed.
d. Both end with the electron transport chain.
a. Both begin with glycolysis.
300
Define denature (as it relates to enzymes)
Anything that changes the shape of an enzyme
300
Define product
The substance that results from a chemical reaction
300
Which specific process in the light-dependent reactions produces oxygen and hydrogen ions?
a. the formation of NADPH
b. the production of ATP
c. the splitting of water
d. the excitation of electrons in photosytem I
c. the splitting of water
300
Which speeds up (enzyme) the reaction between carbon dioxide and RuBP to restart the Calvin Cycle?
rubsico
300
What role does cellular respiration play in the carbon cycle?
a. It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during glycolysis.
b. It removes CO2 from the atmosphere during the citric acid cycle.
c. It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.
d. It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during electron transport.
c. It releases CO2 to the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.
300
During which process is water produced?
a. alcohol fermentation
b. acetyl CoA formation
c. electron transport chain
d. citric acid cycle
c. electron transport chain
400
Identify the type of inhibition that is taking place. Also, describe this process.
Competitive inhibition. Enzyme active site is blocked causing the substrates unable to bind to the active site.
400
Define activation energy
The amount of energy it takes for a chemical reaction to occur
400
Which statement describes thylakoids?
a. Glucose is formed here.
b. Water molecules are formed here.
c. Only photosystem II functions here.
d. Photosystems I and II function here.
d. Photosystems I and II function here.
400
At which point is G3P removed from the Calvin cycle to be used in the production of carbohydrates?
immediately after reduction
400
Which process connects glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?
a. lactic acid formation
b. acetyl CoA formation
c. electron transport
d. Krebs cycle
b. acetyl CoA formation
400
What do alcohol fermentation, acetyl CoA formation, and the Krebs cycle have in common?
a. All produce water.
b. All produce carbon dioxide.
c. All produce ATP.
d. All produce alcohol.
b. All produce carbon dioxide.
500
Identify the type of inhibition that is taking place. Also, describe this process.
Noncompetitive inhibition. Something other than substrates binding to the alleostric causing the enzyme to change it shape; substrates are not able to bind to the active site.
500
What three factors have an effect on enzymes?
pH, Temperature, Substrate Concentration
500
Which statement best describes the process of chemiosmosis (ATP Synthase) and the direct result of its occurrence?
a. Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ADP is converted to ATP.
b. Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ATP is converted to ADP.
c. Hydrogen ions flow from the stroma down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the thylakoid. ADP is converted to ATP.
d. Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid against a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ADP is converted to ATP.
a. Hydrogen ions flow from the thylakoid down a concentration gradient through ATP synthase channels into the stroma. ADP is converted to ATP.
500
Which is an important difference between light-dependent (L-D) and light-independent (L-IND) reactions in photosynthesis?
a. The L-D reactions need CO2 and light energy, and the L-IND reactions needs water and O2.
b. The L-D reactions require light energy and water, and the L-IND reactions require ATP, NADPH, and CO2.
c. The L-D reactions can only occur during daylight, and the L-IND reactions can only occur during the night.
d. The L-D reactions need water and CO2, and the L-IND reactions need CO2 and light.
b. The L-D reactions require light energy and water, and the L-IND reactions require ATP, NADPH, and CO2.
500
During glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.
What is the main transformation that occurs during glycolysis?
Glycolysis produces pyruvate, ATP, and NADH by oxidizing glucose.
500
If a runner is doing vigorous exercise, which results from the anaerobic cellular process?
a. accumulation of lactic acid
b. accumulation of oxygen
c. depletion of ethanol
d. depletion of carbon dioxide
a. accumulation of lactic acid