Passive Transport
Active Transport
Cell Membrane
Osmosis
Random
100
What are the three types of passive transport?
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, & osmosis
100
Active Transport must use _________ to move molecules from an area of ________ to ________ concentration
Active Transport must use ATP to move molecules from an area of Low to High concentration
100
What is the cell membrane made of?
Phosopholipids
100
What process is shown here?
Osmosis, the movement of water
100
What is the name of the protein channel used in osmosis?
Aquaporin
200
A molecule of glucose moves from an area of 80% concentration, and crosses the cell membrane into an area of 60% concentration. Does this process use chemical energy? Why?
No. Because it is moving from high concentration to low concentration.
200
What are the three types of Active Transport?
Endocytosis, Exocytosis, Protein Pumps
200
What property of the cell membrane allows certain molecules to move through but not all?
Semi-permeability
200
A cell with 40% glucose is placed in a solution with 80% glucose. What kind of solution was the cell placed in, and what will happen to the cell?
Hypertonic, the water will leave it and it will shrink.
200
What is it called when there is a difference in number of molecules across the cell membrane?
Concentration Gradient
300
During what process do molecules like oxygen and carbon dioxide pass directly through the phospholipids?
Simple Diffusion
300
What process is shown here? and does it use energy?
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Endocytosis, which uses energy since it is Active Transport.
300
What are the two parts of a phospholipid?
Hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail
300
A cell with 70% salt is placed in a solution with 50% salt. What kind of solution was the cell placed in, and what will happen to the cell?
Hypotonic, because the water will enter the cell and it will swell.
300
A state reached when particles continue to move but in equal amounts in and out of the cell.
Dynamic Equilibrium
400
What process is being shown here? And is ATP being used?
Facilitated Diffusion, which does not use ATP.
400
Which direction are the molecules flowing? How do you know? What kind of transport is this?
Low to High, you can count the molecules and see. This is a protein pump, which is active transport.
400
What molecule is shown inbetween the phospholipids? What is it's function?
Cholesterol, which keeps the membrane fluid
400
Intravenous (IV) bags are commonly used in hospitals to provide patients with fluids. These IV bags never contain pure water, but instead contain some solutes such as salt or sugar molecules. Why do you think the IV bags cannot be pure water?
To make sure the solution is Isotonic to your blood cells.
400
In endocytosis & exocytosis, the cell membrane packages molecules in a structure called a __________
Vesicle
500
A cell sits a sugar (glucose) solution more concentrated than its interior. Its membrane lets water, but not glucose. Why can glucose not pass through the cell membrane?
It is a large & charged molecule which means it must use a protein channel to pass through.
500
What process is shown here?
Exocytosis
500
What are the two types of membrane proteins used in cellular transport?
Channel protein & Carrier protein
500
Farming and watering that is done in very dry regions of the world leaves salt that accumulates in the soil as water evaporates. Based on what you know about osmosis, why does an increase in soil salinity (salt concentration) have negative effects on plants?
Water would leave the plant cells since the salt would create a hypertonic environment. This would cause the plant to dehydrate
500
What structure moves 3 Sodium molecules and 2 Potassium molecules against the gradient?
Sodium-Potassium Pump