Vocabulary
What is a cash crop?
A crop such as tobacco, sugar, or cotton, raised in large quantities and sold for profit.
Which colonial region had rocky land, cold winters, and an economy that relied heavily on fishing shipbuilding, and logging?
New England
Which colonial region was especially known for its cultural and religious diversity, including the Quakers in Pennsylvania?
The Middle Colonies
What was an indentured servant in comparison to a slave?
What was the primary role of women in early colonial society, according to the lesson?
Homemakers: including caring for the household and family.
What is a right?
A power or privilege that belongs to people as citizens and that cannot or should not be taken away by the government.
Why did the Southern colonies develop large plantations that grew crops such as tobacco and rice?
The warm, wet climate, fertile land, and rivers supported cash crops and large plantations
What was one major reason many early settlers came to New England?
Many seeking religious freedom.
What was the Middle Passage?
The forced ocean crossing that enslaved Africans endured as they were transported to the Americas.
What was one important different between education in New England and education in many Middle and Southern Colonies?
New England towns were required to provide public schools, while most children in the Middle and Southern colonies received less formal education.
What is parliament?
the lawmaking body of England, it consists of representatives from throughout the kingdom
How did geography influence the jobs and economies of the three colonial regions? Give ONE example.
Each region used its available land and resources. For example, New England's forests and coastline supported logging, fishing, shipbuilding; the Middle Colonies' rich soil supported varied farming; and the South's warm, wet climate supported cash crops and plantations.
How did Rhode Island differ from Massachusetts in its approach to religious beliefs?
Rhode Island welcomed people with different religious beliefs, while Massachusetts had stricter Puritan religious rules.
Who were the Separatists?
Puritans who sought complete separation from the Church of England and established Plymouth Colony in 1620 to practice their faith freely.
What was the Great Awakening and what belief helped encourage this movement?
It was a religious revival that began in the 1730s. It was encouraged by the belief that people had lost their faith.
What does democratic mean?
relating to a form of government in which people have the power to rule themselves, often through elected representatives?
Why did England establish colonies in North America as parts of its economic policy of mercantilism?
England wanted to increase its wealth by controlling trade and using colonies as sources of raw materials and products.
What was the name of the colony founded by William Penn that welcomed many different religious groups, including Quakers?
Pennsylvania
Why were Southern plantation owners increasingly relying on enslaved Africans rather than indentured servants?
How did a person's wealth, gender, or status affect their opportunities in colonial society?
Wealthy, landowning men had more opportunities to participate in government. Women had fewer political opportunities, and enslaved Africans were denied freedom and basic rights.
What does mercantilism mean?
An economic policy in which nations tried to gain wealth by controlling trade and establishing colonies
What was Georgia originally established to do, and who helped found it?
James Oglethorpe founded Georgia as a place for people imprisoned because of debt and as a buffer against Spanish Florida.
England wanted its colonies to help make the country wealthier (richer). How did the different colonial regions help England achieve this goal?
The colonies provided raw materials and products for trade. For example, New England contributed fish, lumber, and ships; the Middle Colonies produced crops; and the Southern colonies grew cash crops such as tobacco and rice.
The Great Awakening taught that people were spiritually equal. Why did this belief not mean that everyone had equal rights in the colonies?
Spiritual equality did not end social and legal inequalities. Enslaved Africans were denied freedom and rights, and women had fewer opportunities than men.
How did religion influence the daily lives and communities of people in New England?