Culture
Diffusion
Language vocab
Classifying Languages
Religion
Bonus Vocab
Random Sauce
100
A small, homogenous (similar) group of people, often living in rural areas that are isolated and unlikely to change would best categorize THIS type of culture.
What is folk culture?
100
The spread of a cultural trait through the migration of people.
Example: the Amish began arriving in the US in the 18th Century from Swiss Germany because of religious freedom and cheap land in the US.
What is relocation diffusion?
100
Variations of a standard language in accent, grammar, spelling, etc.
Example: Difference between American, British, & Australian English
What is a dialect?
100
This is the largest language family in the world w/ more than 3.2 billion people speaking a language from this family.
What is the Indo-European language family?
100
Originating in modern-day Israel, this religion spread to every corner of the globe through it's universal appeal, missionary work, influence of the Roman Empire, and later European colonization to become the largest religion in the world with more than 2.5 billion followers.
What is Christianity?
100
A place name. It can reveal a lot about the history, geography, and culture of a place.
What is a toponym?
100
The phenomenon where advancements in transportation (e.g. airplanes and high-speed rail) and communication (e.g. texts, calls, internet, and social media) technology reduce the perceived distance between places, making the world feel smaller and more interconnected.
What is time-space compression (convergence)?
200
A large, heterogeneous (diverse) group of people, often living in urban areas that are interconnected through globalization and technology (e.g. internet and social media), and are quick to change would best categorize THIS type of culture.
What is popular (pop) culture?
200
A type of expansion diffusion where a cultural trait spreads rapidly, widely, and continuously from its hearth through close contact between people.
Example: Viral videos or diseases
What is contagious diffusion?
200
Historically, languages diffused and changed by one of THESE ways. (More than one possible answer)
What is imperialism, colonialism, military conquest, trade, and/or migration?
200
This language branch includes the languages that derived from Latin during the time of the Roman Empire (e.g. Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, and Romanian)
What is the Romance language branch?
200
Originating in Saudi Arabia, this religion spread throughout Africa and Asia through conquests, trade routes, and the religion's unifying message. It has become the second largest universalizing religion in the world with nearly 2 billion followers.
What is Islam?
200
This is a language used by governments for laws, reports, signs, public objects, money, stamps, etc. Some countries don't have one and others have multiple or many.
What is an official language?
200
The process when cultures become more similar due to interactions driven by globalization and technology.
For example, the worldwide popularity of fast-food chains and other global brands, the widespread use of English as a global language, and the spread of global music styles, fashion trends, and sports.
What is cultural convergence?
300
Behaviors that are heavily discouraged by a culture.
What are taboos?
300
A type of expansion diffusion where a cultural trait spreads from the most interconnected, powerful, wealthy people/organizations/places down to others.
Examples: cell phones, popular culture trends, music, fashion
What is hierarchical diffusion?
300
A common language used by speakers with different native languages for communication. Usually for business, trade, commerce, or in popular culture.
What is a lingua franca?
300
With about 1.5 billion speakers worldwide, this language is the lingua franca of the world and the internet.
What is English?
300
These three Abrahamic religions share a similar hearth in SW Asia/Middle East.
What is Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
300
These kind of forces can unify a country, like a common language, ethnicity, and religion.
What are centripetal forces?
300
When cultures become more separated and distinct from one another due to isolation or a deliberate effort to preserve unique traditions, leading to differences in language, customs, or lifestyle.
For example, the Amish community in the US which limits contact with mainstream society to preserve its unique way of life, the revitalization of indigenous languages, and the development of unique dialects as a result of migration or isolation.
What is cultural divergence?
400
The tendency to view one's own culture as the standard for judging other cultures, often with the belief that one's own is superior.
What is ethnocentrism?
400
A type of expansion diffusion where a cultural trait spreads from the least interconnected, powerful, wealthy people/organizations/places outwards.
Examples: Hip-hop music spread from poor, urban neighborhoods in NYC to become a globally popular music genre; Walmart started in a small Arkansas town to become one of the largest transnational companies in the world
What is reverse hierarchical diffusion?
400
An extremely simplified, limited, non-native language, historically used as a means of communication between colonial empires and the indigenous people they conquered.
What is a pidgin language?
400
With approximately 1.2 billion speakers, this language has the most native speakers in the world and belongs to the Sino-Tibetan language family.
What is Mandarin Chinese?
400
This kind of religion diffuses widely from its hearth through expansion and relocation diffusion and actively seeks coverts around the world.
What is a universalizing religion?
400
These kind of forces can divide a country, like having multiple competing ethnicities, languages, or religions.
What are centrifugal forces?
400
A process where individuals or groups adopt some aspects of a new culture while also retaining parts of their original culture.
For example, a bilingual home where a family speaks Spanish at home but also uses English to interact with the wider community, or a chef blending ingredients from different cuisines to create a new dish.
What is acculturation?
500
The principle that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that individual's own culture, rather than be judged against the criteria of another culture.
What is cultural relativism?
500
A type of expansion diffusion where cultural traits are altered or modified due to a cultural barrier, taboo, or difference as it spreads.
Example: McDonalds menus changing (No beef burgers in India)
What is stimulus diffusion?
500
A stable, fully developed language that emerges from a simplified pidgin and becomes a native language for a community, often in situations of colonization or trade.
What is a creole language?
500
Hungarian 🇭🇺, Finnish 🇫🇮, and Estonian 🇪🇪 belong to this language family.
What is Uralic?
500
This kind of religion diffuses only by relocation diffusion, does not attempt to proselytize (seek converts) and is typically tied to a specific hearth and/or ethnic group.
What is an ethnic religion?
500
The idea that different cultural groups leave their mark on a place, each contributing to the cultural landscape over time.
What is sequent occupance?
500
A process where a minority culture adopts the values and behaviors of a dominant culture, often at the expense of their own original culture.
For example, Native American boarding schools, where children were forbidden to speak their own language or wear traditional clothes, aimed to make them indistinguishable from the dominant American culture.
What is assimilation?