Plate Tectonics
This earth layer is hot rock(magma) about 1800 miles thick and contains both an upper layer and lower layer.
Extra Points: Give the common & scientific name for this layer.
What is the mantle?
What is the asthenosphere?
This type of rock is formed when different types of rocks are buried deep within the earth's crust and subjected to intense heat and pressure.
What is metamorphic rock?
This is where groundwater is stored beneath the earth's surface.
What is an aquifer?
The Himalayan mountains and the Alps are examples of land formations formed by this type of plate boundary. (Note: you must include direction and type of plate interaction)
What is a convergent continental-continental plate boundary?
This process describes plants absorbing water through their roots and releasing water vapor through pores (stomata) in their leaves.
What is transpiration?
This is the process of rocks being worn by long exposure to the atmosphere.
What is weathering?
This cycle describes how hot magma rises from the inner core and descends back down as it decreases in temperature. It is thought to drive the movement of plates on the lithosphere.
What are convection currents?
This type of rock is formed when a volcano erupts and produces magma. It can be intrusive (cooled below the earth's surface) or extrusive (cooled above the earth's surface) An example is basalt.
What is igneous rock?
A surface that does not allow fluids or gases to pass through.
What is an impervious/impermeable surface?
The San Andreas fault is an example of this type of plate boundary.
What is a transform boundary?
The process of water percolating deep into the lithosphere into soil and groundwater aquifers.
What is infiltration?
This constructive process refers to when sediments, soil, or rocks are added to the land. It is the opposite of erosion.
What is deposition?
These types of plate are thicker and less dense.
What are continental plates?
These 3 processes transform sediment into sedimentary rock.
What are burial, compaction, and cementation?
These are three examples of human made changes to watersheds.
What are agriculture, dams, & urbanization?
(Alternative answers: modified rivers, logging, mining, invasive species introduction)
This is the zone that occurs when an oceanic plate slides beneath a continental or another oceanic plate, destroying earth.
What is the subduction zone?
This is the process of water from an aquifer seeping back into lakes and streams or the ocean.
What is groundwater discharge?
This takes place when water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and other chemical substances react with rock to change its composition.
What is chemical weathering?
This "ocean feature" is created when two oceanic plates diverge from one another.
Extra Points: This is an example of this geologic feature.
What is a mid ocean ridge?
What is the mid Atlantic Ridge?
This process is seen during several different pathways of the rock cycle and describes when rocks that were once underground are brought up to the Earth's surface.
What is uplift?
Flooding, Drought, Fire, Windstorms, Erosion, & Deposition, Climate Change, and Tectonic Activity are examples of these.
What are natural agents of watershed change?
These are created when divergent plates spread away from one another. Lake Mead and the Mid- Atlantic Ridge (Note: Name what is created when 2 continental plates diverge and what is created when two ocean plates diverge)
What are rift valleys and mid ocean ridges?
This refers to when precipitation does not reach the soil but hits the leaves and branches of plants.
What is interception?
What is acid rain?
This is an area of the Earth's mantle from which hot plumes rise upward, forming volcanoes on the overlying crust. They are responsible for the formation of the Hawaiian Islands.
What is a hotspot?
These four processes transform outcrops (visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth) to sediment.
What are weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition?
This term refers to excessive water from rain or melting snow that runs downhill over the landscape.
What is surface water runoff?
The Aleutian and Japanese islands are island arcs and are an example of land formations created by this plate boundary interaction (Note: you must include the direction and type of plate interaction)
What is a convergent oceanic-oceanic plate boundary?
This is the process of forming clouds. It is when water molecules condense in cooler temperatures high in the atmosphere.
Condensation
This is the process of breaking rocks down and transporting them to another area.
What is erosion?