Theories on Development
He proposed a four-stage theory of cognitive development involving schemas, assimilation, and accommodation.
Piaget
This debate addresses the relative contributions of heredity and environment.
Nature vs. Nurture.
These are the smallest units of sound in language.
Phonemes.
In classical conditioning, this stimulus naturally triggers a response.
Unconditioned Stimulus.
This type of parenting is strict and expects obedience without explanation.
Authoritarian Parenting.
This stage is characterized by object permanence and sensory exploration.
Sensorimotor Stage.
These substances can harm a developing fetus.
Teratogens.
Combining words like "go car" is part of this early language stage.
Telegraphic Speech.
Giving a reward to increase a behavior is called this.
Positive Reinforcement.
This attachment style shows distress when a caregiver leaves but is easily soothed upon return.
Secure Attachment.
Believed that this provided support from adults or peers within the zone of proximal development.
Scaffolding.
This type of study follows the same group over time.
Longitudinal Research.
The incorrect application of grammar rules (e.g., "I goed to the store").
Overgeneralization.
B.F. Skinner used this term for learning through consequences.
Operant Conditioning.
The early fear response to unfamiliar people in infancy.
Separation Anxiety.
This theory outlines eight psychosocial stages, from trust to integrity.
Eriksons Psychosocial Development Theory
This period in early development is crucial for forming attachment and language.
Critical Period.
These are culturally shaped, body-based expressions of meaning.
Nonverbal Gestures.
This schedule provides reinforcement after varying amounts of time.
Variable Interval.
This stage of Erikson’s theory occurs during adolescence.
Identity vs Role Confusion.
This type of development occurs in clear stages with sudden shifts.
Discontinuous Development.
The concept that some traits remain stable while others change.
Stability and Change.
The stage where infants repeat consonant-vowel sounds.
Babbling.
A sudden realization in problem-solving without trial and error.
Insight Learning.
This concept refers to internal timelines for achieving life milestones.
Social Clock.