things you should know
What makes up a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate and Nitrogen base
What's the enzyme that unzips the DNA during replication?
Helicase
During transcription what nitrogen base replaces thymine?
Uracil
What are the three nucleotides on tRNA called?
anticodon
How many amino acids are ESSENTIAL in the human body?
9
What type of chemical bond holds the two DNA bases together?
Hydrogen
What organelle does DNA replication happen?
The nucleus
What is the sugar in mRNA called?
Ribose
What is the function of tRNA?
It carries amino acids to the ribosome
What is the shape of DNA called?
Double helix or twisted ladder
What are the three nucleotides of mRNA called?
Codon
What is the job of DNA polymerase?
Adds the new base pairs to the template strand
Ribosome
Where is tRNA found in the cell?
The cytoplasm
What is the backbone of DNA made up of?
Sugar and phosphate
Where does tRNA get the amino acids from?
The cytoplasm
What is the function of DNA?
It stores genetic information
Create an mRNA strand from the DNA sequence given below:
ATTGCTAA
UAACGAUU
Translation
What does C,G,T,A and U stand for?
Cytosine, guanine, thymine, adenine, and uracil
What is the name of the start codon?
Methionine
Replicate this DNA sequence
ATGCGTTAGAA
TACGCAATCTT
What is the original DNA sequence based off of the mRNA given below?
UUAAGGCCA
AATTCCGGT
What does the t in tRNA stand for?
Why do we call it that?
Transfer, because it is transferring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome.
Why is understanding DNA replication, RNA and protein synthesis important for medical science?
At least two sentences.