Concept 1
The chemical reactions within each cell of an organism that provide energy for life's processes and create key molecules
Metabolism
Break down larger molecules into simpler compounds and releases energy (exergonic)
Catabolic
Nitrogen base (adenine), ribose ring (ribose), and 3 phosphate groups held together with high energy bonds
The structure of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The part of the ATP-ADP cycle that gets recycled
ADP
Where all our energy comes from
The sun
Breaking a bond ______ energy
Absorbs
Builds larger molecules from smaller ones and requires consuming energy to do it (endergonic)
Anabolic
An energy carrying molecule that carries/stores energy for cell functions and the main energy currency for the cell
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The movement of ions down a concentration gradient
Chemiosmosis
Autotrophs, gets energy from non-living sources, make simple sugars through photosynthesis, plants, some bacteria, and algae
Producers
Forming a bond _____ energy
Releases
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 602
Photosynthesis
The bond where the most energy is stored
The bond between the last two phosphates
Used to add the third phosphate to ADP to make ATP, using energy from the food you eat
Enzyme ATP synthase
Heterotrophs, gets energy from living/once-living sources, animals, most bacteria, and fungi
Consumers
The breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical changes
Chemical reactions
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Cellular respiration
Energy is _____ when a phosphate is removed
Released
The ADP to ATP reaction is an _____ reaction
Endothermic
Source of energy is sunlight, done by plants and cyanobacteria
Photosynthesis
Made of mostly proteins, speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy, bind to reactants, and are not changed during the chemical reaction
Enzymes
Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, catalysts, and competitive inhibitors
Ways to change the rate of a chemical reaction
ADP becomes ATP when a phosphate group is _____
Removed
The ATP to ADP reaction is an _____ reaction
Exothermic
Source of energy is chemicals, done by deep sea vent bacteria
Chemosynthesis