Vocabulary
What is temperature?
a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles
what is radiation?
the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
Name the 3 main global winds
polar easterlies, westerlies, trade winds
which has more thermal energy: a cup of coffee or a large iceberg?
ice berg
Which of the following would have the highest pressure: hot air, lukewarm air, cold air, warm air
cold air
what is thermal energy?
the total kinetic energy of particles
what are electromagnetic waves?
energy from the sun
what is a jet stream?
narrow belts of high-speed winds that blow from west to east between 7 km and 16 km above Earth’s surface
Which is more dense: hot air, warm water, cold air, or lukewarm water?
cold air
what causes convection cells in the atmosphere?
cooling and heating of air that causes it to sink or rise up
what is thermal expansion?
the increase in volume that results from an increase in temperatures
what is convection?
the transfer of energy due to the movement of matter
what are local winds?
the movement of air over short distances
what term best describes the property that causes land, air, and water to differ in temperature?
specific heat
why do winds curve?
because of the rotation of the Earth
What is density?
the mass per unit volume of a substance
What is conduction?
the transfer of energy from one object to another object through direct contact
name 4 local winds
sea breeze and land breeze
mountain and valley breeze
where can convection occur on Earth?
in the atmosphere, in the mantle, in the ocean
Why are some flights going West to East faster than those going East to West?
because of the jet streams
What is heat?
the energy that is transferred between objects that are at different temperatures
What is Wind?
the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure
what are the name of the areas on Earth that get little to no wind?
the doldrums and horse latitudes
where does heat travel to/transfer from?
goes from high heat to low heat
What causes local winds?
when local geographic features produce temperature and pressure differences
what is the Coriolis effect?
the apparent curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to Earth’s rotation
what are global winds?
wind systems that occur at or near the Earth’s surface
what winds bring desert sand from the Sahara to Florida?
trade winds
Where does wind blow from?
high pressure to low pressure
How does the moon affect the ocean?
tides (moon's gravitational pull creates bulges of ocean on Earth's surface creating high and low tides)