Heat Illness Pt. 1
Name 1 population that is at greater risk for developing a heat illnesses.
65 or older
infants/children
obese
women
previous history
Which heat illness is caused by an imbalance of water and electrolytes in the muscles?
Muscle cramps
When the core body temperature drops below 95 degrees F, what is this condition called?
Hypothermia
How long is normal circadian rhythm?
24 hours
Lack of what impacts the body with altitude sickness?
Oxygen
What is the core body temperature of someone suffering heat stroke?
greater than or equal to 104 degrees F
Which type of heat illness does the individual have an increased body temperature of up to 103 degrees F?
Heat exhaustion
Where is most of your heat lost from the body?
Head and neck
Radiation accounts for 65% of heat loss from the body
What types of stress does traveling place on an individual?
Physical and mental stress
What is the most common type of altitude sickness?
Acute Mountain Sickness
Name three signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion.
Extreme weakness
Exhaustion
Headache
Dizziness
Hyperventilation
Dilated pupils
Nausea
Vomiting
Extreme sweating
Name three symptoms of heat stroke.
Disorientation
Fainting
Loss of consciousness
Diarrhea
Vomiting
Which injury is the freezing of the skin and subcutaneous tissue?
Superficial frostbite
West to east
Which altitude sickness is characterized by fluid in the brain?
High Altitude Cerebral Edema
How long does an individual need to acclimatize to heat?
Usually 2 weeks
How does the body cool itself?
Sweat through evaporation
Which injury occurs when ALL layers of the skin are frozen and appear bluish/gray?
Deep frostbite
When it gets darker, what does your body secrete to make you more sleepy?
Melatonin
List three symptoms of acute mountain sickness.
Dizziness
Nausea
Headaches
Shortness of breath
Swelling of the hands and feet
What is the best way to treat someone suffering from a heat stroke? List out the basic steps.
Cold Tub Immersion
Water should be about 35º-58ºF
Stir the water and ice throughout the cooling process
Maintain airway
Monitor vital signs
Heart Rate
Respiration
Rectal Temperature
Remove from cold tank when rectal temperature reaches 101ºF-102ºF
How many ounces of water does someone need to drink 2-3 hours before activity?
17-20 ounces
What are the steps to treat someone with hypothermia?
- Remove any wet clothing and replace with dry clothing
- Move to a warm environment and apply heat packs and blankets
- Activate your emergency action plan
- Monitor vital signs and be prepared to perform CPR
Name three ways to prevent jet lag.
- Arrive early
- Get plenty of rest
- Adjust bedtimes days before you leave
- Stay hydrated
- Regulate sleep (sleep at night, awake during the day at destination)
- Adjust watch before you leave to new time zone
Name two advantages someone who lives at altitude has over someone who doesn't.
More chest capacity
More alveoli
More capillaries
High RBC count