Ch. 7
Structural unit of compact bone
Osteons
Osteoid is composed of
Collagen, proteoglycans, glycoproteins
Birth defect where babies skull bones join too early
Craniosynostosis
Joints are classified based on what 2 characteristics
Structure(what connective tissue holding joint) and Function(movement)
Arthroplasty
Joint replacement
Space in long bones that holds both red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow
Medullary Cavity
Bone growth in width
Appositional growth
Sagittal suture closes too early
scaphocephaly
A suture would fall under what classifications(think ab movement and what its made of)
synarthrosis
Fibrous( dense connective tissue)
A fibrous joint is held together by what connective tissue?
Dense connective tissue
5 Functions of bone
Support and Protection
Attachment site for muscles
Mineral Storage
Hemopoiesis(red bone marrow)
Energy Storage(yellow blood marrow)
2 control groups that regulate bone remodeling
Hormonal (vitamin D, PTH, Calcitonin)
Mechanical & gravitational forces
Congenital defect where vertebral laminae fail to unite
Spina Bifida
Hip and shoulder joints are examples of what synovial joint
Ball and Socket (multiaxial joint, always for most movement)
All joints of this classification are diarthrosis
Synovial joints
4 types of cells in bone tissue
Osteopregenitor cells
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
All 5 zones of growth in the epiphyseal plate in order (proximal->distal)
1. Zone of Resting cartilage
2. Zone of proliferating cartilage
3. Zone of hypertrophic cartilage
4. Zone of calcified cartilage
5. Zone of ossification
Flat baby head in the back. Can be due to the way babies sleep
Plagiocephaly
2 types of cartilaginous joints and their classifications
Synchondrosis- synarthrosis, cartilaginous(hyaline cartilage)
Symphysis- Amphiarthroses, cartilaginous(fibrocartilage)
What is a syndesmosis(classify the joint)
Fibrous joint
Amphiarthrosis
(seen in fibula and tibia & radius and ulna)
Explain a colle's fracture and a Pott's fracture
Colle's- Break in distal end of radius (wrist)
Pott's- Break in distal end of tibia and fibula
-Process of bone tissue formation?
-What are the 2 types called? How do they differ?
Ossification or osteogenesis
Intramembranous ossification is the formation of bone from fibrous connective tissue
Endochondral ossification is the formation of bone from a hyaline cartilage template
Decreased osteoblast count. Indicator of low bone density
Osteopenia
Uniaxial synovial joints (3)
Hinge joints(seen in elbow)
Pivot Joints (seen in Head of radius and ulna allows for supination and pronation)
Planar/gliding joints (intertarsal and intercarpal bones)
Biaxial Synovial Joints (2)
Condyloid or ellipsoidal joint(seen in wrist)
Saddle Joint(seen in thumb)