Antilipemic
What is the drug class for the FIRST LINE drug therapy for hypercholesterolemia?
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors or Statins
What is the adverse effect of proton pump inhibitors?
Rebound hyperacidity
Type of drug that is only effective against only a few organisms?
Narrow spectrum
Patient was just diagnosed with cytomegalovirus (CMV), which medication will you expect to administer?
Ganciclovir
The time of day you should educate your patient to take a diuretic medication?
Morning
Which antilipemic drug class (or can name the drug) has an adverse effect of flushing?
Class: Nicotinic Acid
Drug: Niacin (Vitamin B3)
Which antidiarrheal drug class decreases bowel motility and relieves rectal spasms?
Opiates
Drug examples: Loperamide (Immodium)
This drug class causes yellowing to teeth and fetal bone abnormalities.
Tetracyclines
Patient diagnosed with influenza B, when should Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) be started?
Within 2 days or 48 hours of symptom onset
Name the two major uses for diuretics.
Hypertension and edema
What time of day do you give HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor drugs?
Evening
Antacids have constipation or diarrhea adverse effects. Which ones cause constipation? Which ones cause diarrhea?
Aluminum = constipation
Magnesium = diarrhea
Calcium = constipation
These TWO drug classes have an adverse effect of photosensitivity.
Tetracyclines and sulfonamides
A patient came to urgent care and was diagnosed with Herpes Simplex Virus type 2. Which medication would the nurse expect to be prescribed?
Acyclovir
Which type of diuretic is best used for head injuries?
Osmotic
Which antilipemic drug class causes prolonged prothrombin time?
Fibric Acid - example: Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
This laxative drug class increases fecal water content and osmotic pressure which causes more water to enter the intestines. Name the drug class AND one drug example.
Hyperosmotic/Saline
Drug examples: Polyethylene glycol (PEG), Sorbitol, Glycerin, Lactulose, Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Mag), Magnesium Citrate (Citroma)
List the last mechanism of action with antibiotics.
1. Interference with cell wall synthesis
2. Interference with protein synthesis
3. Disrupt metabolic reactions inside cell
4. ?
Interfere with DNA replication
Name the TWO major adverse effects of Amphotericin B.
Renal Toxicity (Nephrotoxicity), Neurotoxicity, or Hepatotoxicity
Name 2 foods you would tell your patient to limit when taking spironolactone. Can't be in the same category of food.
4 types of patients are treated with cholesterol medications. What is the fourth type of patient?
1. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
2. Diabetics age 40-75 with LDL between 70-190 mg/dL
3. No CVD, but have an LDL between 70-190 AND a 10-year risk for CVD.
4. ?
LDL >190 mg/dL
Name the type of antidiarrheal drug class that interacts with anticoagulants.
Adsorbents - example: bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
Patient is experiencing flushing, hives, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating after taking Metronidazole (Flagyl). What education is needed?
Avoid alcohol.
Patient is experiencing acute alcohol intolerance.
Name an indication for amphotericin B
Name an indication for using fluconazole
Name an indication for using nystatin
Severe systemic infection
Vaginal yeast infection - many options
Thrush, diaper rash, cutaneous fungal infections
Loop diuretics affect potassium, sodium, and glucose. Write down hyper or hypo for all three.
HYPOkalemia
HYPOnatremia
HYPERglycemia